Question 1

_____ is the machine that places the request to access the data.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Client machine. In the client-server architecture, the client machine is the computer that sends a request to the server machine to retrieve data or access services.

Question 2

Which of the following is non-volatile storage?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Secondary. Secondary storage (such as hard disks, solid-state drives, magnetic tape) is non-volatile, meaning it retains stored data even when the device is powered off.

Question 3

Which of the following is used in main memory?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: DRAM. DRAM (Dynamic Random-Access Memory) is widely used for the computer's main memory due to its lower cost and higher density, while SRAM (Static RAM) is used for cache memory.

Question 4

Components that provide internal storage to the CPU are

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Registers. Registers are high-speed internal storage locations directly built inside the CPU to store data, instructions, and intermediate results during processing.

Question 5

BIOS is used by

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Operating system. The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is used by the operating system during start-up (boot strapping) to detect hardware configuration and load the main OS from storage.

Question 6

The number of cycles of operations performed by a processor per second is called its

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: clock speed. The clock speed (or clock rate) measures the number of cycles a CPU executes per second, typically measured in Megahertz (MHz) or Gigahertz (GHz).

Question 7

In crime scene reconstruction, what does "conjecture" mean?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: To formulate a possible explanation before detailed analysis. In the process of crime scene reconstruction, a conjecture refers to a preliminary, working hypothesis or possible explanation formulated before comprehensive and detailed laboratory analysis is completed.

Question 8

________ supports a likely sequence of events by observing and evaluating physical evidence and statements made by witnesses and those involved with the incident.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Reconstruction. Crime scene reconstruction is the collaborative process of determining the sequence of events before, during, and after a crime using physical evidence and statements.

Question 9

When analysing mortar in forensic investigations, what primary ingredient is mixed with cement to create mortar?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Sand. Mortar is a workable paste created by mixing a binding agent (cement/lime) with water and fine aggregate (specifically sand). Gravel is added for concrete, not mortar.

Question 10

The minimum recommended free board for lined canals carrying discharge of more than 10 cumecs is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 0.75 m. As per IS 10430 standards for lined canals, a minimum freeboard of 0.75 m is recommended for canals carrying discharges exceeding 10 cumecs (usually up to 50 cumecs and above).

Question 11

Pick up the correct statement from the following regarding joints in a king post truss:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: All the above. All the listed statements are correct. In a timber King Post Truss: 1. The joint between the principal rafter and the tie beam is a bridle joint. 2. The rafter connects to the king post head via a mortise and tenon joint. 3. The strut joins the king post base via a mortise and tenon joint.

Question 12

As compared to the top rail, the bottom and lock rails in a door frame shutter are normally

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Wider. The bottom rail and lock rail of a door shutter are kept wider (larger width in elevation) than the top rail and frieze rails. This provides greater structural stiffness to the bottom of the door and accommodates the locking hardware.

Question 13

In escalators, the angle of inclination with the horizontal plane should be in the range of:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 30°-35°. According to safety standards, the angle of inclination of an escalator with the horizontal plane must not exceed 30° in general, but can be up to 35° depending on the vertical rise and speed limitations.

Question 14

Which type of foundation is used for the construction of buildings on black cotton soil?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Mat/Raft foundation. For constructing buildings on highly expansive black cotton soil (which swells and shrinks significantly), a Mat or Raft foundation is preferred for distributing structural loads uniformly to prevent differential settlement. Under-reamed piles are another highly suitable foundation type.

Question 15

After fixing the plane table to the tripod, what is the correct sequence of operations needed at each plane table station?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: (i), (iii), (ii). At each plane table station, the operations must be performed in this strict sequence: 1) Levelling (making the table horizontal), 2) Centering (aligning the ground point with the paper point using a plumbing fork), and 3) Orientation (aligning the table along the magnetic north or previous line). This corresponds to sequence (i), (iii), (ii).

Question 16

Which of the following is not required for chain surveying?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Dumpy level. A dumpy level is a levelling instrument used to establish elevations. It is not required for simple chain surveying, which only measures horizontal distances using a chain, arrows, pegs, and ranging rods.

Question 17

The maximum number of cities and towns are connected by which type of highway?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: National highway. National Highways constitute the primary highway network in India. They connect all major cities, state capitals, industrial hubs, ports, and towns across the country.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a requirement of a good ballast for a railway track?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Rounded. Good railway ballast should be angular and rough (not rounded) to ensure proper interlocking of the ballast particles, which holds the sleepers firmly in position against lateral movement.

Question 19

The number of sleepers per rail length is called as

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Sleeper density. Sleeper Density is defined as the number of sleepers per rail length, commonly expressed as $(M+x)$ or $(N+x)$, where $M$ or $N$ is the standard rail length (in meters or feet) and $x$ is an integer.

Question 20

Which of the below joints is used for masonry in arches?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Rebated. A rebated joint is used for masonry in arches and stones laid on slopes. It features a stepped or double-L profile to prevent the stone blocks from slipping down the slope.

Question 21

The height of a bridge girder is kept _______ above the High Flood Level (HFL).

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 1.2 to 1.5 m. The vertical clearance (freeboard) between the highest flood level (HFL) and the lowest point of the bridge superstructure is kept in the range of 1.2 to 1.5 meters to allow floating debris to pass safely without hitting the bridge.

Question 22

Following table shows a part of level field book. The value of X should be:

| Station | BS | IS | FS | HI | RL |
| A | 2.300 | | | 102.300 | 100.000 |
| B | | 1.300 | | | 101.000 |
| C | | | 2.300 | | X |

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 100.00. Height of Instrument (HI) = $	ext{RL at A} + 	ext{BS} = 100.000 + 2.300 = 102.300$. RL at Station C = $	ext{HI} - 	ext{FS} = 102.300 - 2.300 = 100.000$. Hence, X is 100.000.

Question 23

The uplift pressure on a dam can be controlled by which of the following methods?
i) Constructing cut-off under upstream face
ii) Constructing drainage channels between the dam and its foundation
iii) By pressure grouting in foundation
Choose the correct option:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: (i), (ii) and (iii). Uplift pressure on a gravity dam is controlled by: 1. Upstream cut-off walls (reduces seepage head). 2. Drainage gallery/channels in the foundation (relieves uplift pressure). 3. Foundation pressure grouting (seals joints/fissures in rock foundation). Thus, all three methods are effective.

Question 24

Which type of canal is most useful in hilly areas?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Contour Canal. In hilly regions, contour canals are most suitable. They run parallel to the contours of the hill slopes, irrigating only on the downslope side, as aligning along watershed lines is usually not practical in mountains.

Question 25

Pick up the incorrect statement from the following. The intake of a water supply scheme should

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Be located downstream of waste water disposal point. The intake of a municipal water supply must always be located upstream of any wastewater disposal point to avoid collecting contaminated sewage water. Hence, locating it downstream is incorrect.

Question 26

According to ISI method of measurement, the order of the sequence for building dimensions is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Length, breadth, height. According to IS 1200 (Method of measurement of building works), the standard sequence of writing dimensions is: 1) Length, 2) Breadth/Width, and 3) Height/Depth.

Question 27

_______ is a large open space located within a building. It is often used to light a central circulation or public area by daylight admitted through a glass roof or wall.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Atrium. An Atrium is a large open-air or glass-covered space surrounded by a building, providing natural light and ventilation to the central circulation area.

Question 28

Gypsum consists of

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: $CaSO_{4}$ and $H_{2}O$. Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, chemically represented as $CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O$. Thus, it consists of calcium sulfate ($CaSO_4$) and water ($H_2O$).

Question 29

The Efflorescence test is applicable to

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Brick. The efflorescence test is performed on building bricks to determine the presence of soluble salts that cause staining and powdering on brick surfaces when exposed to moisture.

Question 30

The stainless steel alloy is able to resist corrosion due to

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Chromium. Stainless steel resists corrosion due to the addition of chromium (minimum 10.5%). Chromium reacts with oxygen to form a very thin, passive, self-healing layer of chromium oxide on the steel's surface, preventing rust.

Question 31

Design loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and structures are calculated from

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: IS 875 Part 1. The entire IS 875 code series is titled 'Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures'. Option A (Part 1 - Dead Loads) is marked correct as the designated key for this code series. Specifically: Part 1 handles Dead Loads, Part 2 Imposed (Live) Loads, Part 3 Wind Loads, and Part 4 Snow Loads.

Question 32

The horizontal upper portion of step is known as

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Tread. The horizontal upper portion of a step upon which the foot is placed is called the Tread. The vertical front face of the step is the Riser, and the projecting edge of the tread is the Nosing.

Question 33

Which of the below is added to make mortar fire proof?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Aluminous cement. Aluminous cement (also known as high-alumina cement) is added to mortar along with firebrick aggregates to make refractory or fireproof mortar that can withstand high temperatures.

Question 34

When the thickness of doors and windows is provided, the estimates of woodwork is prepared in following unit

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Square meters. When the thickness of doors and windows panels/shutters is specified, the woodwork quantity is estimated in square meters (sqm) of surface area. For frames/chowkhats where thickness is not constant, cubic meters (cum) is used.

Question 35

If the property fetches a net annual income of Rs. 1000 after deducting all outgoings. What is the capitalized value of property if the ROI is 10% per annum?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Rs. 10,000. Year's Purchase (YP) = $100 / 	ext{Rate of Interest} = 100 / 10 = 10$. Capitalized Value = $	ext{Net Annual Income} 	imes 	ext{YP} = 1000 	imes 10 = 	ext{Rs. } 10,000$.

Question 36

The maximum length of title block can be

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 170 mm. According to IS 962:1989 guidelines for architectural and building drawings, the maximum recommended length of the title block is 170 mm (typically 170 mm × 65 mm) to ensure it remains visible when the drawing is folded.

Question 37

The unit of payment of cement concrete in foundation is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Per cum. Cement concrete in foundation is a volumetric bulk work and is paid per cubic meter (per cum). Thinner concrete works like damp-proof course (DPC) are paid per square meter (sqm).

Question 38

The rise and fall method for obtaining the reduced levels of points provides a check on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 1, 2 and 3. The Rise and Fall method provides a complete mathematical check on all sights: Backsight (BS), Foresight (FS), and Intermediate Sight (IS). The mathematical check is: $\sum BS - \sum FS = \sum Rise - \sum Fall = 	ext{Last RL} - 	ext{First RL}$. In contrast, the Height of Instrument (HI) method does not check intermediate sights.

Question 39

Theory of probability is applied to which of the following types of surveying errors?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Accidental errors only. The theory of probability is applied only to accidental (or random) errors. Accidental errors follow the normal distribution curve, meaning small errors are more frequent than large ones, and positive and negative errors are equally likely, tending to compensate each other.

Question 40

Consider the following statements:
i) Using trigonometry for length determination is a direct measurement.
ii) The difference of any measured quantity and its best estimate is the residual.
Choose the correct option:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: (i) is false and (ii) is true. Statement (i) is false because using trigonometry to determine length (such as triangulation) is an indirect measurement (direct measurement is done using tape or chain). Statement (ii) is true because the residual is defined as the difference between a measured value of a quantity and its most probable value (best estimate).

Question 41

Consider the following statements:
i) The largest scaled maps of Survey of India are at a scale of 1:1 Million.
ii) Reconnaissance is the last step of a survey work.
Choose the correct option:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Both statements are false. Both statements are false. Statement (i) is false because a scale of 1:1 Million is a small-scale map (larger scale means smaller denominator, e.g., toposheets are at 1:50,000 or 1:25,000 scale). Statement (ii) is false because reconnaissance (preliminary inspection) is the first step of any survey work, not the last.

Question 42

In great survey networks, typically

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Either of triangulation or trilateration are used. In large geodetic control/survey networks, horizontal control is established using either triangulation (measuring angles), trilateration (measuring lengths/distances), or a combination of both.

Question 43

The test used to check the collimation error in a level is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Two peg test. The Two-Peg Test is a standard procedure used to check and adjust the collimation error in a level (ensuring the line of sight is horizontal when the bubble is centered).

Question 44

Which of the following processes is the most commonly used for setting out circular curves?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Rankines method. Rankine's method of tangential deflection angles (using a theodolite and tape) is the most commonly used method for setting out circular curves in civil engineering projects due to its high accuracy and simplicity.

Question 45

Consider that the apex angle of the cone is $2	heta$ when the cone is cut by a section plane at an angle $\alpha$ where $\alpha$ is more than half of the apex angle i.e., $	heta$ and less than 90°, the curve of the section will be

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Elipse. In conic sections, if the section plane makes an angle $\alpha$ with the axis of the cone such that $	heta < \alpha < 90^\circ$ (where $	heta$ is the semi-vertical angle, i.e., half of the apex angle), the resulting section is an Ellipse. If $\alpha = 90^\circ$, it's a circle; if $\alpha = 	heta$, it's a parabola; if $\alpha < 	heta$, it's a hyperbola.

Question 46

What does the Single Stroke lettering mean?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Uniformity in letters as obtained in one stroke of the pencil. Single-stroke lettering does not mean writing the entire letter without lifting the pencil. Rather, it means that the thickness of the line of the letter should be uniform, obtained by a single stroke of the pencil/pen.

Question 47

In orthographic projection, each projection view represents how many dimensions of an object?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 2. Each view in an orthographic projection (such as front view, top view, or side view) represents exactly two dimensions of a three-dimensional object (e.g., front view shows length and height).

Question 48

Which of the following scale is a reducing scale?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 1:3. A reducing scale is one where the drawing is smaller than the actual object. Its representative fraction (RF) is less than 1. In this case, 1:3 is a reducing scale. 3:2 and 1:0.4 are enlarging scales, and 1:1 is full scale.

Question 49

Sandstone consists of

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Quartz, lime and silica. For civil engineering and competitive examinations, sandstone is chemically classified as a siliceous sedimentary rock containing quartz grains bound together by cementing materials consisting of silica, lime, iron oxide, or clay. The standard textbook answer is Quartz, lime, and silica.

Question 50

The commonly used lime for works under water or in damp situation is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Eminently hydraulic lime. Eminently hydraulic lime contains a high percentage of clay (20-30%) and is capable of setting underwater or in damp conditions. It is used for structural works under water or in damp foundations.

Question 51

The bearing capacity of soil depends upon

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: All of the above. The bearing capacity of soil depends on both geotechnical parameters (grain size, soil density, shear strength, cohesion) and design parameters of the foundation (size, shape, and depth of the footing).

Question 52

A type of flooring made with a special aggregate of marble chips mixed with white and coloured cement is called

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Terrazzo flooring. Terrazzo flooring consists of a mixture of marble chips (as aggregates) and cement (white or colored), which is laid, cured, ground, and polished to a smooth surface.

Question 53

The perpendicular distance between the intrados and extrados of an arch is called

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Depth of an arch. The perpendicular distance between the inner curve (intrados) and the outer curve (extrados) of an arch ring is defined as the depth of the arch.

Question 54

The term pitch in connection with pitched roofs is defined as

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Inclination of the sides of a roof to the horizontal plane. The pitch of a roof is defined as its angle of inclination to the horizontal plane. It can also be expressed as the ratio of rise to span.

Question 55

When the object is situated in First quadrant, that is, in front of Vertical Plane and above Horizontal Plane, the projections obtained on these planes is called

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: First angle projection. When the object is placed in the first quadrant (above the Horizontal Plane and in front of the Vertical Plane), the projection system used is called the First Angle Projection.

Question 56

The pitch of stair should never exceed

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 40°. For user comfort and safety, the slope or pitch of a stair should be kept between 25° and 40°. It should never be steeper than 40° and never flatter than 25°.

Question 57

The term _______ is used to mean the external views as seen from certain rooms of the building.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Prospect. Prospect is a planning principle that refers to the external views as seen from certain windows or rooms of a building. Aspect refers to the orientation of walls to receive solar radiation and wind.

Question 58

The lowest part of the structure which transmit the load to the soil is known as

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Foundation. The foundation (or substructure) is the lowest part of a building or structure that is in direct contact with the ground and transmits the loads to the underlying soil.

Question 59

In plane surveying,

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: The curvature of the earth is not taken into consideration. In plane surveying, the mean surface of the earth is treated as a plane surface, and the curvature of the earth is neglected. This is typically done for surveys covering small areas (less than 250 sq km). Option B represents the fundamental defining assumption of plane surveying.

Question 60

Contour lines cross ridge or valley lines at

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 90°. Contour lines intersect ridge lines and valley lines perpendicularly (i.e. at 90°). For ridge lines, the contours bulge outwards (towards lower values), and for valley lines, they bulge inwards (towards higher values).

Question 61

Bitumen is derived from

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Fractional distillation of petroleum. Bitumen is a hydrocarbon material obtained as a residue from the fractional distillation of crude petroleum oil.

Question 62

At the time of construction of railway in India, the gauge adopted as a standard gauge was

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 1.676 m. When railways were first introduced in India in 1853 (Mumbai to Thane), the Broad Gauge of 1.676 m (5 feet 6 inches) was adopted as the standard gauge.

Question 63

The standard size of wooden sleepers on metre gauge railway track is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 1.83 m × 20 cm × 11 cm. For Metre Gauge (MG) tracks, the standard dimension of a wooden sleeper is 1.83 m × 20 cm × 11 cm. (For comparison, Broad Gauge is 2.74 m × 25 cm × 13 cm, and Narrow Gauge is 1.52 m × 15 cm × 10 cm).

Question 64

Bridge over a dry valley is known as

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Viaduct. A viaduct is a bridge structure composed of several small spans carrying a road or railway over a dry valley, gorge, or low-lying land, instead of a watercourse.

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