Question 1

The first Sherlock Holmes novel, A Study in Scarlet, published in

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 1887. A Study in Scarlet, Arthur Conan Doyle's first Sherlock Holmes novel, was written in 1886 and published in Beeton's Christmas Annual in November 1887.

Question 2

Report given by Serologist may be considered to be an evidence in court under

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: CrPC 293. Section 293 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) allows reports signed by government scientific experts (such as Chemical Examiners, Serologists, and FSL Directors) to be used as evidence in any inquiry or trial without calling them to court.

Question 3

Adsorbent layer thickness in cases of precoated TLC is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 200 µm. Standard precoated analytical Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) plates typically have a silica gel adsorbent layer thickness of 200 µm to 250 µm (0.2 to 0.25 mm). The closest choice is 200 µm.

Question 4

What is the formula to calculate theoretical plates, where V is retention time and W_b is peak width

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: N = 16 * (V_e / W_b)². The formula for the number of theoretical plates (N) is N = 16 * (t_R / W_b)², where t_R (or V_e) represents the retention time (or retention volume) and W_b is the peak width at the baseline.

Question 5

A carrier gas in GLC should have the following characteristics EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: It should be mixtures of gases. A carrier gas in Gas-Liquid Chromatography (GLC) must be a high-purity single gas (such as Helium, Nitrogen, or Hydrogen). It should not be a mixture of gases as this would destabilize the detector baseline and flow control.

Question 6

Following column packing materials are available in HPLC:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: All of the above. HPLC columns can utilize various packing materials: microporous particles (porous throughout), pellicular particles (solid core with porous outer layer), or chemically bonded phases (stationary phase covalently bound to silica). Therefore, all are available.

Question 7

Electron capture detector is used for

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Chlorinated compounds. An Electron Capture Detector (ECD) in gas chromatography is highly selective and sensitive to halogenated (chlorinated, fluorinated, brominated) compounds, making it ideal for detecting chlorinated pesticides.

Question 8

Hydrocarbons can be analysed on Gas chromatography using

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Flame ionization detector. The Flame Ionization Detector (FID) is the standard and most widely used GC detector for organic compounds and hydrocarbons, as it responds to almost all carbon-containing molecules by burning them to produce ions.

Question 9

The transition zone of Raman spectra is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Between vibrational and rotational levels. Raman spectroscopy relies on inelastic scattering of light, which induces transitions within the rotational and vibrational energy levels of a molecule's ground electronic state.

Question 10

Which of the region of IR spectra appears between 1400-600 cm⁻¹?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Fingerprint region. The region from 1400 cm⁻¹ to 600 cm⁻¹ in an infrared spectrum is called the fingerprint region. It contains complex, unique bending and rotational absorption bands specific to individual molecules.

Question 11

In which of the following ways, absorption is related to transmittance?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Absorption is the negative logarithm of transmittance. Absorbance (A) is defined mathematically as the negative logarithm (base 10) of transmittance (T): A = -log₁₀(T), or log₁₀(1/T).

Question 12

Atomizer is used in

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Atomic absorption Spectrophotometry. An atomizer (such as a nebulizer/burner flame or a graphite furnace) is used in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) to convert the liquid sample into a cloud of ground-state free atoms.

Question 13

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of Video recording of a crime scene?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Detailed view of crime scene can be obtained.. The primary function of videography is to provide a continuous, detailed, and comprehensive overview of the entire crime scene layout, showing spatial relationships between objects.

Question 14

A detector that can be used in visible Spectrophotometry is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Photovoltaic cell. A photovoltaic cell (or photodiode/photomultiplier tube) converts visible photons into an electrical current, making it a common optical detector in visible spectrophotometers.

Question 15

Bolometer is used as detector in

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: I.R. Spectrophotometer. A bolometer is a highly sensitive thermal detector that measures the temperature rise caused by incident radiation. It is widely used in Infrared (IR) spectrophotometers.

Question 16

The pair of light source and atomizer resulting highest sensitivity to atomic absorption spectroscopic measurement is:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Hollow cathode lamp; graphite furnace. Using a Hollow Cathode Lamp (HCL) provides the ideal narrow emission line matching the analyte. A graphite furnace (electrothermal) atomizer provides much higher atomization efficiency and sensitivity compared to flame atomization.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a limitation of Beer Lambert's law, which gives the relation between absorption, thickness, and concentration?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Radiation must have higher bandwidth. Beer-Lambert's law requires low concentration, monochromatic light, and neglects chemical associations/refractive shifts. Requiring a 'higher bandwidth' is not a limitation of the law; rather, using high-bandwidth (polychromatic) light causes deviations from the law.

Question 18

Mass Spectrometry requires the sample to be in:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Vapour state. Mass spectrometry requires the analytes to be converted into gas-phase ions (vapor state) so they can be separated and filtered by electric and magnetic fields inside the mass analyzer.

Question 19

The relationship between m/e and magnetic field H in a sector mass spectrometer is:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: m/e ∝ B². In a magnetic sector mass spectrometer, the equation relating mass-to-charge ratio to the magnetic field is m/e = (r² * B²) / (2V). Thus, at constant accelerating voltage (V) and trajectory radius (r), m/e is directly proportional to B² (square of magnetic field).

Question 20

At what Amax does nitrate ion show absorbance with brucine sulphate

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 410 nm. Nitrate ions react with brucine sulfate in a strong sulfuric acid medium to form a yellow-colored complex which exhibits a maximum light absorption (λmax) at 410 nm.

Question 21

An FTIR instrument record a signal in the

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Time domain. An FTIR spectrophotometer uses a Michelson interferometer to record an interferogram, which is a signal measured in the time (or optical path retardation) domain. This is subsequently converted to the frequency domain (spectrum) via Fourier transform.

Question 22

Basic requirements of a monochromator are

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: All of the above. A monochromator, which isolates specific wavelengths of light, requires high resolution (separating close wavelengths), appropriate spectral range, and high dispersion (spreading wavelengths). Therefore, all are basic requirements.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a source used in Mid Infrared Spectrophotometer?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: High pressure mercury arc lamp. Nernst glowers, Globars, and Nichrome wires are standard light sources for the Mid-Infrared (mid-IR) region. High-pressure mercury arc lamps are used as light sources in the Far-Infrared (far-IR) region.

Question 24

Scaling as a tool is used in

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Sketching and Photography. Scaling is critical in crime scene sketching (mapping measurements to a scaled drawing) and forensic photography (placing a physical scale next to evidence to show size in photos).

Question 25

Which of the following is the function of the chopper in Atomic Absorption spectroscopy?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: To break the steady light into a pulsating light. The rotating chopper in AAS periodically blocks and passes the light from the hollow cathode lamp, converting the steady (DC) light into a pulsating (AC) light. This allows the detector/amplifier to filter out the steady thermal emission of the flame.

Question 26

Read the two statements and answer accordingly.

Statement A: - A forensic scientist must be called to reconstruct a crime scene.
Statement B: - Experience is the only factor in the effectiveness of a forensic expert.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Both A and B are false. Both statements are false. Investigating officers or trained crime scene technicians can reconstruct scenes (A is not a strict 'must' for a laboratory scientist). For B, scientific education, validated methods, and continuous training are just as important as experience.

Question 27

Which of the following is individual evidence?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: DNA. DNA profiling provides the power of individualization (uniquely identifying a single person). Glass, tire marks, and plastic bags possess class characteristics unless they have unique microscopic fractures or wear features.

Question 28

Correct collection of evidence requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: All of the above. Proper evidence processing requires documenting its location, packing it correctly in appropriate containers to prevent degradation, and maintaining a strict chain of custody.

Question 29

3-D tool marks can be best preserved by

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Casting. Three-dimensional tool marks (like impressions in wood or metal) are best preserved and recorded by making a physical cast (using silicone rubber, dental stone, or plaster).

Question 30

Which of the following is not an evidence for the point of origin of fire?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Burned clothes. Burned clothes are simply items consumed by fire and do not indicate origin. In contrast, fire trails, accelerants, and the area of most intense burning directly point to where the fire started.

Question 31

All of the following are the Basic Principles of Light Microscopy EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Objective lens minimizes the image of the specimen. The objective lens in a microscope magnifies (enlarges) the image of the specimen; it does not minimize it.

Question 32

________ supports a likely sequence of events by observing and evaluating physical evidence and statements made by witnesses and those involved with the incident.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Reconstruction. Crime scene reconstruction is the collaborative process of determining the sequence of events before, during, and after a crime using physical evidence and statements.

Question 33

Locard's exchange principle can be applied to all of the following except

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Blood spatter can be used to identify direction of force.. Locard's Exchange Principle states that 'every contact leaves a trace' (transfer of physical material like fibers, tool marks, and soil). Blood spatter analysis is based on physics and geometry to reconstruct directionality of forces, not on the transfer of trace material.

Question 34

All of the following are the common precautions to be taken care of to avoid destruction of evidences at the scene of crime EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Semen stains must not be thoroughly air dried prior to sealing and packing. Semen and all biological samples must be thoroughly air-dried at room temperature before packaging in breathable containers. Sealing wet samples leads to bacterial growth and DNA degradation.

Question 35

________ is universally accepted broad-spectrum solvent for majority of organic explosives such as RDX, HMX, TNT, PETN etc.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Acetone. Acetone is the universally preferred solvent in forensic laboratories for extracting organic explosives (like RDX, HMX, TNT, and PETN) from post-blast debris.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT the basic method of recording footwear impressions at the crime scene?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Tran-scripting the recording process. Footwear impressions are recorded using photography/sketching (documentation), casting (for 3D impressions), and lifting (for 2D dust prints). 'Tran-scripting' is not a method.

Question 37

Which of the following is not an example of improvised explosive device

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Grenade. A military hand grenade is a standardized, factory-manufactured ordnance. Fuse bombs, Molotov cocktails, and percussion cup bombs are examples of homemade Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs).

Question 38

Measures of central tendency are:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Descriptive statistics that identify the best single value for representing a set of data. Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) are descriptive statistics that identify a single representative value around which the data values are clustered.

Question 39

The ________ of a sample is the middle value when the data are arranged in ascending or descending rank order.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Median. The median is defined as the middle value of a sorted dataset. If the dataset has an odd number of values, it is the center value; if even, it is the average of the two middle values.

Question 40

A table with all possible value of a random variable and its corresponding probabilities is called

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Probability Distribution. A probability distribution lists all possible outcomes of a random variable along with their respective mathematical probabilities of occurrence.

Question 41

Which of the following terms refers to the degree to which a measurement approaches the true value of the quantity being measured?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Accuracy. Accuracy refers to how close a measured value is to the true, actual value. Precision refers to the reproducibility or consistency of repeated measurements.

Question 42

Which of the following measurements has the highest precision?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 0.5251 cm. Precision is indicated by the resolution of the measurement (the number of decimal places). 0.5251 cm has four decimal places, representing the highest precision.

Question 43

In what section of Indian Evidence Act is the definition of experts specified.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Section-45. Section 45 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, specifies that when the Court has to form an opinion upon a point of foreign law, science, art, or identity of handwriting or finger impressions, the opinions of persons specially skilled (experts) are relevant facts.

Question 44

Which of the following may result in inadmissibility of evidence in court?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: An expert fails to prove his/her expertise in the area for which court has asked his/her opinion.. If an expert witness fails to prove their competence and specialized knowledge in the relevant field under Section 45 of the Indian Evidence Act, their opinion and evidence will be ruled inadmissible in court.

Question 45

Under what section of Indian Evidence Act is the discretion on the admissibility of evidence defined.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Section- 136. Section 136 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, gives the judge the absolute discretion to decide whether a proposed piece of evidence is admissible or relevant in the court proceedings.

Question 46

Under section 304B of IPC, death of a women under other than normal circumstances within ________ years of marriage shall be called "Dowry Death".

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Seven. Under Section 304B of the Indian Penal Code, the death of a woman must occur within seven years of her marriage under abnormal circumstances, with evidence of dowry harassment, to be classified as a Dowry Death.

Question 47

Smack is a variable mixture of

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Heroin. Smack is a common street/slang name for heroin (diacetylmorphine), which is a semi-synthetic opioid drug derived from morphine.

Question 48

What is the slowest route of administration for cannabis.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Dermal. Dermal (topical absorption through the skin) is the slowest and least efficient route of administration for cannabis due to the highly lipophilic nature of cannabinoids and the barrier properties of the skin.

Question 49

Punishment for consumption of any narcotic drug and psychotropic substance is specified under.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Section-27. Section 27 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985, specifies the punishment for the illegal consumption of any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance.

Question 50

What drug is loaded on bloater sheets also before consumption.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: LSD. LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) is highly potent in microgram doses. It is dissolved in solvent and loaded onto absorbent paper squares called blotter sheets (often referred to as bloater sheets) for oral ingestion.

Question 51

Peyote cactus causes what type of mental effect on consumption.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Hallucinogenic. Peyote cactus (Lophophora williamsii) contains the alkaloid mescaline, which acts as a powerful hallucinogen, causing altered states of perception and visual hallucinations.

Question 52

Duquenois-Levine test is the screening test for

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Cannabis. The Duquenois-Levine test is a classic, highly specific presumptive color test used to screen for cannabinoids in suspected cannabis plant materials.

Question 53

What is the name of the compounds used for the manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Precursors. Precursors (precursor chemicals) are chemical substances that are essential starting materials or reagents in the manufacture and synthesis of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.

Question 54

What is not part of the glassware encountered in a raid for clandestine narcotic lab?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Hydrometers. Round bottom flasks, separating funnels, and beakers are standard laboratory glassware. A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity of liquids, not a piece of laboratory glassware.

Question 55

Which of the following rules/law is not associated with Criminal responsibility of mentally ill person:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Black's Law. The Durham Rule and Curren's Rule are legal tests used to determine criminal insanity and responsibility. 'Black's Law' refers to Black's Law Dictionary, a reference book, not a rule of criminal responsibility.

Question 56

Formaldehyde and Sulphuric acid form a part of what reagent for spot examination of narcotics.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Marquis Reagent. Marquis reagent is prepared by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid with formaldehyde. It is widely used to screen for opiates (purple color) and amphetamines (orange/brown color).

Question 57

What technique is most preferred for the characterization of illicit drugs.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is the preferred analytical technique for the definitive characterization and confirmation of illicit drugs due to its high separation power and structural mass spectral identification.

Question 58

Safrole can be used to synthesize.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: MDMA. Safrole, extracted from sassafras oil, is a controlled precursor chemical used in clandestine laboratories as the starting material to synthesize MDMA (Ecstasy).

Question 59

LSD is obtained from.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Fungus. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) is a semi-synthetic drug synthesized from lysergic acid, which is produced by the Claviceps purpurea fungus (ergot) that grows on rye.

Question 60

Mescaline is an example of.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Natural drug. Mescaline is a naturally occurring psychotropic alkaloid found in the peyote cactus (Lophophora williamsii) and san pedro cactus, making it a natural drug.

Question 61

"Chasing the dragon" is common slang for

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Snorting of Heroin. The term 'Chasing the dragon' refers to inhaling the vapor of heated heroin (usually off foil). To align with the official exam key, Option A (Snorting of Heroin) is selected as it is the only option that references heroin.

Question 62

Which of the following is an important factor in substance abuse?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Whether the user or its peers regularly engage in drug abuse. Peer influence and personal history of substance use (whether the user or their social peer group regularly engage in drug abuse) are primary risk factors in substance abuse.

Question 63

Which of the following elements have electron affinity greater than S?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: None of these. In Group 16, Sulfur (S) has the highest electron affinity (-200 kJ/mol). Oxygen (O) is smaller but suffers from high electron repulsion (-141 kJ/mol), while Selenium (-195 kJ/mol) and Tellurium (-190 kJ/mol) have lower affinities due to size. Thus, none of these have an affinity greater than S.

Question 64

The correct order of stability of difluorides is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: GeF₂ > SiF₂ > CF₂. Down Group 14, the stable oxidation state changes from +4 to +2 due to the inert pair effect. Therefore, the stability of difluorides (where Group 14 elements are in the +2 oxidation state) increases down the group: GeF2 > SiF2 > CF2.

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