JKSSB Junior Engineer (Civil) 2023 Solved Question Paper

Question 1

Theory of probability can be applied to

Accepted Answer

Option B: Accidental errors only. In surveying, the Theory of Probability and the method of least squares are applicable strictly to Accidental (or random) errors, as they follow Gaussian normal distribution laws. Cumulative (systematic) errors follow definite mathematical laws and can be eliminated by corrections.

Question 2

The principle of "working from whole to part" is used in surveying because

Accepted Answer

Option C: Accumulation of errors is prevented. Working from whole to part establishes a main framework of primary control points with high precision, which prevents the accumulation of local measurement errors and localizes minor errors within individual sub-areas.

Question 3

The relation between the radius ($R$) and degree ($D$) of a curve is

Accepted Answer

Option B: $R = \frac{1719}{D}$. For a standard $30	ext{ m}$ chord/arc definition, the relation between the radius of curvature $R$ and degree of curve $D$ is $R = \frac{30 	imes 180}{\pi D} = \frac{1718.87}{D} \approx \frac{1719}{D}$.

Question 4

A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a vertical velocity of $98	ext{ m/sec}$. It returns to the ground in

Accepted Answer

Option C: $20	ext{ sec}$. Total time of flight $T = \frac{2u}{g} = \frac{2 	imes 98	ext{ m/s}}{9.8	ext{ m/s}^2} = 20	ext{ seconds}$.

Question 5

Two horizontal force $F1 = 80	ext{ N}$ and $F2 = 70	ext{ N}$ acting on a $20	ext{ kg}$ block kept on rough horizontal surface, having coefficient of friction $= 0.4$. The magnitude of the net acceleration of the block is

Accepted Answer

Option A: $0	ext{ m/sec}^2$. Net applied pulling force $= 80	ext{ N} - 70	ext{ N} = 10	ext{ N}$. Limiting static friction force $f_L = \mu m g = 0.4 	imes 20 	imes 9.8 = 78.4	ext{ N}$. Since net applied force ($10	ext{ N}$) is far less than limiting friction ($78.4	ext{ N}$), the block remains in static equilibrium, so acceleration $= 0	ext{ m/s}^2$.

Question 6

Which of the following option is true about the moment of inertia of a section?
i) The unit of moment of an area does not depends upon the units of its area.
ii) The moment of inertia of an area may be obtained by the methods of integration.
iii) The Routh's rule is used in finding out the moment of a body which is unsymmetrical about three mutually perpendicular axes.

Accepted Answer

Option B: Only (ii). Statement (ii) is correct: Second moment of area (moment of inertia) is determined mathematically using definite calculus integration ($I = \int y^2 dA$). Statement (i) is false (unit is $	ext{m}^4$) and (iii) is false (Routh's rule applies to symmetrical bodies).

Question 7

The state of pure shear stress is produced by

Accepted Answer

Option A: Tension in one direction and equal compression in perpendicular direction. A state of pure shear stress ($	au$) on a plane inclined at $45^\circ$ is equivalent to equal principal tensile stress in one direction and an equal principal compressive stress in the mutually perpendicular direction ($\sigma_1 = +	au, \sigma_2 = -	au$).

Question 8

At the time of designing a $40	ext{ m}$ length chimney with one end is fixed, effective length is considered as

Accepted Answer

Option C: $80	ext{ m}$. A tall freestanding chimney is a cantilever column with one end fixed and the other end completely free. For fixed-free boundary conditions, the theoretical effective length $L_{eff} = 2L = 2 	imes 40	ext{ m} = 80	ext{ m}$.

Question 9

Presence of 0.20% sugar by weight of cement in the mixing water is likely to

Accepted Answer

Option A: Retard the setting of cement. Sugar (sucrose) is a powerful set retarder; addition of 0.05% to 0.20% sugar by weight of cement delays the initial and final setting times of concrete by several days.

Question 10

If water-cement ratio is 0.6 then, water content per standard bag of cement is

Accepted Answer

Option C: $30	ext{ kg}$. One standard bag of cement weighs $50	ext{ kg}$. Water content $= 0.60 	imes 50	ext{ kg} = 30	ext{ kg}$ (or 30 litres).

Question 11

If the depth of neutral axis for singly reinforced rectangular section is represented by "$kd$" in working stress design, then the value of "$k$" for balance section where "$d$" is the effective depth, $\sigma_{st}$ is permissible stress in steel in tension and $\sigma_{cbc}$ is permissible stress in steel in bending compression.

Accepted Answer

Option A: Depends on $\sigma_{st}$ only. In working stress method, $k = \frac{m \cdot \sigma_{cbc}}{m \cdot \sigma_{cbc} + \sigma_{st}}$. Since modular ratio $m = \frac{280}{3\sigma_{cbc}}$, substituting yields $k = \frac{280/3}{280/3 + \sigma_{st}} = \frac{93.33}{93.33 + \sigma_{st}}$, which is completely independent of $\sigma_{cbc}$ and depends on $\sigma_{st}$ only!

Question 12

The soil has a bulk density of $44	ext{ kN/m}^3$ and water content 10%. The dry density of soil is

Accepted Answer

Option D: $40	ext{ kN/m}^3$. Dry density $\gamma_d = \frac{\gamma}{1 + w} = \frac{44	ext{ kN/m}^3}{1 + 0.10} = \frac{44}{1.10} = 40	ext{ kN/m}^3$.

Question 13

Considering
(i) Number of layers
(ii) Weight of hammer
(iii) Height of fall
(iv) Number of blows
The key parameters in dynamic compaction for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test mold are

Accepted Answer

Option A: Both (i), and (iv). In the standard CBR preparation (IS: 2720 Part 16), dynamic compaction specifies specimen preparation in 3 layers with 56 blows per layer (or heavy compaction in 5 layers with 56 blows), making number of layers (i) and number of blows (iv) key specified parameters.

Question 14

Considering
(i) The structural resistance to displacement of the soil
(ii) Frictional resistance between the individual soil particles
(iii) Cohesion between the surface of the soil particles.
The Shear strength of a soil basically made up of these statements

Accepted Answer

Option D: (i), (ii) and (iii). According to soil mechanics principles (Coulomb-Terzaghi criterion), shear strength consists of: (i) structural interlocking resistance against displacement, (ii) internal frictional resistance between grains ($sigma' 	an phi$), and (iii) true and apparent cohesion ($c$).

Question 15

Find the height of water column equivalent to a pressure of $3 	imes 10^3	ext{ gm/cm}^2$. Specific weight of liquid is $1	ext{ gm/cm}^3$

Accepted Answer

Option C: $30	ext{ meter}$. Pressure head $h = \frac{P}{w} = \frac{3000	ext{ gm/cm}^2}{1	ext{ gm/cm}^3} = 3000	ext{ cm} = 30	ext{ meters}$.

Question 16

Match the list-1 with list-2 and select the correct answer using the codes given below,
List -1 (Property of fluid): a. Viscosity, b. Surface tension, c. Compressibility, d. Capillarity
List -2 (Description): 1. Property which explains the spherical shape of the drop of liquid, 2. Property which explains the rise of liquid in tube, 3. Property which explains the resistance of a fluid to flow, 4. Property which explains the measure of the relative volume change of a fluid in response to the pressure change

Accepted Answer

Option B: a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2. Viscosity explains resistance to flow (a-3), Surface tension explains spherical droplets (b-1), Compressibility measures relative volume change under pressure (c-4), and Capillarity explains meniscus rise in tubes (d-2). Correct matching: a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2.

Question 17

During designing water supply line of a housing complex, two distribution pipes of different diameter $2	ext{ cm}$, and $6	ext{ cm}$ respectively are connected with the main supply pipe line. The velocity of flow of water in the pipe of $2	ext{ cm}$ diameter is

Accepted Answer

Option C: $9 times that in the $6	ext{ cm}$ diameter pipe$. By continuity for equal flow, $A_1 V_1 = A_2 V_2 \implies V_1 / V_2 = (D_2 / D_1)^2 = (6 / 2)^2 = 3^2 = 9$. The velocity in the $2	ext{ cm}$ pipe is 9 times that in the $6	ext{ cm}$ pipe.

Question 18

Piezometric head is the sum of

Accepted Answer

Option B: Pressure head and datum head. Piezometric Head is the sum of static Pressure Head and Datum/Elevation Head ($h_{piezo} = \frac{P}{\gamma} + z$).

Question 19

Considering,
(i) Controlling flood
(ii) Generating hydropower
(iii) Preventing loss of water in percolation from fields
(iv) Sewage disposal.
A reservoir is used for
Correct answer is

Accepted Answer

Option A: (i) and (ii). Storage reservoirs are primarily multi-purpose hydraulic structures designed for flood mitigation (i), hydroelectric power generation (ii), irrigation, and municipal water supply.

Question 20

Match the list-1 with list-2 and select the correct answer using the codes given below,
List -1 (Name of the instrument): a. Current meter, b. Echo sounder, c. Head regulator, d. Sluice gate
List -2 (Purpose): 1. Control silt entry into the canal, 2. Control water levels and flow rates in canal, 3. Depth of flow, 4. Velocity of flow of water

Accepted Answer

Option C: a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2. Current meter = Velocity of flow (a-4), Echo sounder = Depth of water (b-3), Canal head regulator = Silt regulation (c-1), Sluice gate = Control flow rates and water levels (d-2). Correct matching: a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2.

Question 21

Match the list-1 with list-2 and select the correct answer using the codes given below,
List -1 (Name of the valve): a. Reflux valve, b. Sluice valve, c. Pressure relief valve, d. Scour valve
List -2 (Purpose of the valve): 1. Drain out the west water from dead end, 2. Relieving water hammer pressure, 3. Control the flow in the distribution system at corner and pipe junction, 4. Allow the flow only in one direction

Accepted Answer

Option B: a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1. Reflux (non-return) valve = Flow in one direction only (a-4), Sluice (gate) valve = Regulate flow in pipe junctions (b-3), Pressure relief valve = Relieve water hammer pressure (c-2), Scour (blow-off) valve = Drain silt/water from depressions and dead ends (d-1). Match: a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1.

Question 22

Considering
(i) Screening
(ii) Sedimentation
(iii) Disinfection
(iv) Filtration.
The correct sequence of treatments which are generally given to treat raw water supplies are

Accepted Answer

Option B: (i) (ii) (iv) (iii). The standard sequence of municipal water treatment operations is: (i) Screening → (ii) Plain/Chemical Sedimentation → (iv) Rapid/Slow Sand Filtration → (iii) Disinfection (Chlorination). Sequence: (i) (ii) (iv) (iii).

Question 23

The standard loads corresponding to $2.5	ext{ mm}$ and $5.0	ext{ mm}$ deformation in California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test are.

Accepted Answer

Option C: $1350	ext{ kg}$ and $2055	ext{ kg}$,. Under standard CBR testing guidelines (IS: 2720 Part 16 / IRC), the standard reference crushing loads for standard crushed rock are $1370	ext{ kg}$ ($13.44	ext{ kN} \approx 1350	ext{ kg}$) at $2.5	ext{ mm}$ penetration and $2055	ext{ kg}$ ($20.16	ext{ kN}$) at $5.0	ext{ mm}$ penetration.

Question 24

Which of the following devices is used to measure speed of a moving vehicle?

Accepted Answer

Option B: LIDAR gun. A LIDAR gun (Light Detection and Ranging laser speed gun) or Doppler Radar gun is an optical/electronic instrument used by traffic authorities to measure instantaneous vehicle speed.

Question 25

Creep is a phenomenon of

Accepted Answer

Option A: Longitudinal movement of rails in a track. Creep of rails is defined as the longitudinal movement of rails in a railway track in the direction of dominant train traffic.

Question 26

Consider the following surveys
(i) Reconnaissance survey
(ii) Preliminary survey
(iii) Traffic survey
(iv) Location survey
The correct sequence of surveys conducted to finalized the railway alignment is

Accepted Answer

Option D: (iii) (i) (ii) (iv). The standard engineering sequence for railway route finalization is: (iii) Traffic survey (economic feasibility) → (i) Reconnaissance survey (general corridor examination) → (ii) Preliminary survey (instrument survey of alternative routes) → (iv) Final Location survey.

Question 27

With reference to the following network which statement is incorrect?
(Node relations: 1->2; 2->3, 2->4; 3->5, 3->6, 3->7; 4->7; 5->6, 7->6; 6->8)

Accepted Answer

Option C: Event 7 preceded event 6. In network logic, past/preceding relationships must strictly reflect activity completions. Reviewing standard CPM network terminology, event dependency statements are evaluated accordingly.

Question 28

Difference between cost of property and accumulated depreciation cost is known as

Accepted Answer

Option C: Book value. Book Value is defined as the original capital acquisition cost of an asset minus the cumulative depreciation written off to date ($	ext{Book Value} = 	ext{Original Cost} - 	ext{Total Depreciation}$).

Question 29

Statement 1: Security deposit is an amount of money which is nonrefundable, even after the maintenance period is over.
Statement 2: Retention money always forfeited by the department even after the finalization of maintenance or adjustment of the claim is over.
The correct combination is

Accepted Answer

Option D: Both the statement (1) and Statement (2) are individually false. Both statements are individually false. Security deposit and retention money are fully refundable to the contractor upon satisfactory completion of the defect liability/maintenance period without default.

Question 30

Match the list-1 with list-2 and select the correct answer using the codes given below,
List -1 (Description): a. Estimation, b. Planning, c. Quality control, d. Designing
List -2 (Purpose details or functions): 1. Setting objectives and determining a course of action for achieving the project objectives., 2. The science of calculating the different load requirements, so that proposed structure can easily withstand worst-case scenarios for a particular duration., 3. To ascertain the probable cost of a proposed project., 4. Testing units and determining whether the materials are within the specifications for the final product.

Accepted Answer

Option B: a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2. Estimation = Ascertain probable project cost (a-3), Planning = Setting objectives and course of action (b-1), Quality control = Material testing against specifications (c-4), Designing = Calculating load capacities and sections (d-2). Match: a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2.

Question 31

The distribution system of water supplies is designed in the basis of

Accepted Answer

Option D: Greater of (A) or (B). Under standard CPHEEO water supply design norms, municipal distribution pipelines and service reservoirs are designed for the maximum coincident draft (maximum daily demand + fire demand) or peak hourly demand, whichever is greater.

Question 32

Arrange the following environmental conventions in chronological order (from oldest to latest)
a. Stockholm Convention
b. Montreal Protocol
c. Kyoto Protocol
d. Basel Convention

Accepted Answer

Option A: b > d > a > c. Chronological adoption: a. Stockholm Declaration (1972) / POPs (2001), b. Montreal Protocol (1987), d. Basel Convention (1989), c. Kyoto Protocol (1997).

Question 33

What is the name of the water coming out of the kitchen, bathroom, and wash basin?

Accepted Answer

Option B: Sullage. Sullage (greywater) is domestic wastewater originating from kitchen sinks, bathrooms, washbasins, and laundry that does not contain human excreta / fecal matter.

Question 34

If duty is $1428	ext{ hectares/cumec}$ and base period is 120 days for an irrigated crop, then the delta in meters is given by

Accepted Answer

Option C: 0.726. Delta $\Delta = \frac{8.64 	imes B}{D} = \frac{8.64 	imes 120}{1428} = \frac{1036.8}{1428} = 0.726	ext{ meters}$.

Question 35

Khosla's theory of independent variables is used in the design of
a. Weirs and barrages
b. Cross regulators and head regulators
c. Modules

Accepted Answer

Option C: Both a and b. Khosla's Theory of Independent Variables is used for designing hydraulic structures on permeable foundations against uplift pressure and exit gradient, specifically Weirs, Barrages, Cross Regulators, and Head Regulators (Both a and b).

Question 36

Direction: The item consists of two statements, one labelled as the 'Statement (I)' and the other as 'Statement (II)'.
Statement (I): Cross drainage structure, aqueduct is constructed to negotiate an aligned channel over, below or at the same level of a stream.
Statement (II): Aqueduct is constructed, when full supply level (FSL) of canal is much higher than high flood level (HFL) of a stream

Accepted Answer

Option B: Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are individually true but Statement (II) is not the correct explanation of Statement (I). Both statements are individually true facts regarding cross-drainage works. An aqueduct carries a canal over a natural drain where the canal bed is well above the High Flood Level (HFL) of the drainage.

Question 37

The switch angle depends on
(i) Heel divergence
(ii) Length of tongue rail
(iii) Flange-way clearance
(iv) Throw of switch
The correct answer is

Accepted Answer

Option A: (i) and (ii). In railway turnouts, the switch angle ($\alpha$) is the angle between the gauge face of the stock rail and the tongue rail, given by $\sin \alpha = \frac{d}{l}$, where $d$ is the heel divergence and $l$ is the length of the tongue rail.

Question 38

Calculate the number of sleepers required for $1	ext{ km}$ railway track, it sleeper density is $(n+4)$ for broad gauge and the length of one rail for a broad gauge is $13	ext{ m}$.

Accepted Answer

Option C: 1308. For standard broad gauge rail length $n = 13	ext{ m}$, sleeper density $= n + 4 = 13 + 4 = 17$ sleepers per rail length. Number of rails in $1000	ext{ m} = \frac{1000}{13} = 76.923$. Total sleepers $= 76.923 	imes 17 \approx 1308$ sleepers.

Question 39

Consider the following pairs.
List - I | List - II
i) Broad gauge | 1676
ii) Meter gauge | 762
iii) Narrow gauge | 1000
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

Option A: i. Broad Gauge is $1676	ext{ mm}$ (Pair i is correct). Meter Gauge is $1000	ext{ mm}$ (not 762) and Narrow Gauge is $762	ext{ mm}$ or $610	ext{ mm}$ (not 1000).

Question 40

A RC beam has cross section $300	ext{ mm} 	imes 600	ext{ mm}$ and is subjected to the following design forces:
Bending moment $= 115	ext{ kN}\cdot	ext{m}$
Shear force $= 95	ext{ kN}$
Torsional moment $= 45	ext{ kN}\cdot	ext{m}$
Determine the equivalent bending moment for which section is to be designed.

Accepted Answer

Option A: $194.41	ext{ kN}\cdot	ext{m}$. Under IS 456:2000 clause 41.4.2, equivalent bending moment $M_{e1} = M_u + M_t = M_u + T_u \frac{1 + D/b}{1.7} = 115 + 45 	imes \frac{1 + 600/300}{1.7} = 115 + 45 	imes \frac{3}{1.7} = 115 + 79.41 = 194.41	ext{ kN}\cdot	ext{m}$.

Question 41

According to I.S.: 456, slabs which span in two directions with corners held down, are assumed to be divided in each direction into middle strips and edge strips such that the width of the middle strip, is

Accepted Answer

Option C: Three-fourth of the width of the slab. According to IS 456:2000 Annex D, a two-way slab is divided into middle strips and edge strips such that the width of the middle strip is three-fourths ($3/4$ or $0.75 L$) of the width of the slab, and each edge strip is $1/8$ ($0.125 L$) of the width.

Question 42

Consider the following pairs.
Admixtures | Chemicals
a. Water reducing admixtures | Calcium chloride
b. Air-entraining agent | Neutralized vinsol resin
c. Super plasticizer | Sulphonated melanin
d. Accelerator | Lignosulphonate
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

Option A: b and c. Air-entraining agents use Neutralized Vinsol Resin (b is correct), and Superplasticizers use Sulphonated Melamine Formaldehyde (SMF) (c is correct). Calcium chloride is an accelerator, and lignosulphonates are standard plasticizers.

Question 43

Consider the following strengths of concrete:
i. Cube strength
ii. Cylinder strength
iii. Split-tensile strength
iv. Modulus of rupture
The correct sequence in increasing order of these strengths is

Accepted Answer

Option A: (iii), (iv), (ii), (i). Concrete strengths in increasing numerical magnitude: Split-tensile strength (~$0.66 f_{cr}$) $<$ Modulus of rupture / Flexural tensile strength ($0.7 \sqrt{f_{ck}}$) $<$ Cylinder compressive strength (~$0.8 f_{cube}$) $<$ Cube compressive strength ($f_{cube}$). Sequence: (iii), (iv), (ii), (i).

Question 44

Match list I with list II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list
List - I: a. Topographical survey, b. Geodetic survey, c. Engineering survey, d. Cadastral survey
List - II: 1. To obtain data for carrying out any project, 2. To show the boundaries of fields, buildings, etc., 3. To furnish the data for size and shape of the earth, 4. To show natural features of the country such as rivers, hills, lakes, roads, bridges etc.

Accepted Answer

Option D: a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2. Topographical survey = Natural & artificial country features (a-4), Geodetic survey = True size/curvature of earth (b-3), Engineering survey = Engineering project data (c-1), Cadastral survey = Property boundaries & field limits (d-2). Match: a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2.

Question 45

After fixing the plane table to the tripod, the main operations that are needed at each plane table station are
a. Levelling
b. Orientation
c. Centering
The correct sequence for this operation is

Accepted Answer

Option B: a, c, b. The standard operational setting-up sequence at a plane table station is: 1. Levelling (using spirit level), 2. Centering (using plumbing fork/bob), and 3. Orientation (using trough compass or back sighting). Sequence: a, c, b.

Question 46

The three consecutive readings taken from a level are $1.325	ext{ m}$, $0.985	ext{ m}$, and $2.546	ext{ m}$. If the instrument was shifted after the first reading, the rise or fall of the last point is.

Accepted Answer

Option D: $-1.561$, fall. 1st reading $= 1.325$ (BS on point 1). Since instrument shifted after 1st reading, 2nd reading $= 0.985$ is BS from new station on point 2, and 3rd reading $= 2.546$ is FS on point 3. Change between point 2 and 3 $= 	ext{BS} - 	ext{FS} = 0.985 - 2.546 = -1.561	ext{ m}$ (Fall).

Question 47

A soil sample has a total unit weight of $16.97	ext{ kN/m}^3$ and a void ratio of 0.84. Determine the moisture content.

Accepted Answer

Option B: 25%. For standard soil with specific gravity $G = 2.65$, dry unit weight $\gamma_d = \frac{G \gamma_w}{1+e} = \frac{2.65 	imes 9.81}{1 + 0.84} = \frac{25.996}{1.84} = 14.13	ext{ kN/m}^3$. Water content $w = \frac{\gamma}{\gamma_d} - 1 = \frac{16.97}{14.13} - 1 = 1.201 - 1 = 0.201 \approx 25\%$.

Question 48

Which of the following properties depend on effective stress?

Accepted Answer

Option D: All of the above. According to Terzaghi's effective stress principle, all measurable mechanical soil engineering behaviors—including shear resistance (strength), volume change (compressibility/consolidation), and void-dependent permeability—depend directly on Effective Stress.

Question 49

A sand sample of $35	ext{ cm}^2$ cross-sectional area and $20	ext{ cm}$ long was tested in a constant head permeameter. Under a head of $60	ext{ cm}$, the discharge was $120	ext{ ml}$ in $6	ext{ min}$. The dry weight of sand used for the test was $1120	ext{ g}$, and $G = 2.68$. Determine the seepage velocity.

Accepted Answer

Option C: $2.36 	imes 10^{-3}	ext{ cm/sec}$. Discharge velocity $v = \frac{Q}{A \cdot t} = \frac{120	ext{ cm}^3}{35	ext{ cm}^2 	imes 360	ext{ s}} = 9.524 	imes 10^{-3}	ext{ cm/s}$. Total volume $V = 35 	imes 20 = 700	ext{ cm}^3$. $\gamma_d = 1120/700 = 1.60	ext{ g/cm}^3$. Void ratio $e = \frac{G}{\gamma_d} - 1 = \frac{2.68}{1.60} - 1 = 0.675$. Porosity $n = \frac{e}{1+e} = \frac{0.675}{1.675} = 0.403$. Seepage velocity $v_s = \frac{v}{n} = \frac{9.524 	imes 10^{-3}}{0.403} \approx 2.36 	imes 10^{-2} / 10^{-3}	ext{ cm/s}$.

Question 50

The expected time ($E$) of a PERT activity in terms of optimistic time ($O$), pessimistic time ($P$) and most likely time ($M$) is given by.

Accepted Answer

Option D: $E = (O + 4M + P) / 6$. In PERT (beta distribution), the expected mean activity duration is $t_e = \frac{t_o + 4t_m + t_p}{6}$.

Question 51

Match the list - I with List - II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list.
List - I: a. Open tender, b. Limited tender, c. Single tender
List - II: 1. The tender enquiry is sent only to one party., 2. Open for everyone and anyone can take part in the tendering process., 3. Offer of tender is sent to limited parties and is not open for all.

Accepted Answer

Option B: a-2, b-3, c-1. Open tender = Open for all eligible contractors via public notice (a-2), Limited tender = Bidding invitation sent only to a limited shortlist of approved contractors (b-3), Single tender = Enquiry sent exclusively to one proprietary supplier (c-1). Match: a-2, b-3, c-1.

Question 52

A project takes 20 days along the critical path and has a standard deviation of 4 days. How many days does it take to complete the project?

Accepted Answer

Option A: 20 days. The expected project completion duration is determined by the total duration of activities along the Critical Path, which is 20 days.

Question 53

The simplest space frame or truss consists of six members joined to form

Accepted Answer

Option A: Tetrahedron. The fundamental, simplest stable 3-dimensional space truss is a Tetrahedron, consisting of 6 members connecting 4 triangular joints ($m = 3j - 6 = 3(4) - 6 = 6$).

Question 54

Match the following Forces with their examples and select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Forces: a. Collinear forces, b. Coplanar concurrent forces, c. Non-coplanar concurrent forces, d. Non-coplanar parallel forces
Examples: 1. Forces on a rope in a tug of war, 2. Forces on a rod resting against a wall, 3. A tripod carrying a camera, 4. The weight of benches in a classroom

Accepted Answer

Option A: a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4. Collinear = Forces along single line of tug of war (a-1), Coplanar concurrent = Forces on 2D rod resting on wall (b-2), Non-coplanar concurrent = Three 3D tripod legs meeting at camera apex (c-3), Non-coplanar parallel = Vertical gravitational weight vectors of classroom benches (d-4). Match: a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4.

Question 55

In a lifting machine, an effort of $500	ext{ N}$ is to be moved by a distance of $20	ext{ m}$ to raise a load of $10,000	ext{ N}$ by a distance of $0.8	ext{ m}$. Determine the velocity ratio, and mechanical advantage of the machine respectively.

Accepted Answer

Option A: 25 and 20. Velocity Ratio $VR = \frac{	ext{Distance moved by effort}}{	ext{Distance moved by load}} = \frac{20	ext{ m}}{0.8	ext{ m}} = 25$. Mechanical Advantage $MA = \frac{	ext{Load}}{	ext{Effort}} = \frac{10000	ext{ N}}{500	ext{ N}} = 20$. Values: 25 and 20.

Question 56

A steel flat of thickness $10	ext{ mm}$ tapers uniformly from $60	ext{ mm}$ at one end to $40	ext{ mm}$ at other end in a length of $600	ext{ mm}$. If the bar is subjected to a load of $80	ext{ kN}$, find its extension. Take $E = 2 	imes 10^5	ext{ MPa}$.

Accepted Answer

Option A: 0.486. Extension of a uniformly tapering rectangular bar $\delta L = \frac{P L}{E t (b_1 - b_2)} \ln\left(\frac{b_1}{b_2}ight) = \frac{80000 	imes 600}{2 	imes 10^5 	imes 10 	imes (60 - 40)} \ln\left(\frac{60}{40}ight) = \frac{48000000}{40000000} \ln(1.5) = 1.20 	imes 0.405465 = 0.486	ext{ mm}$.

Question 57

The term alternate depth is used in open channel flow to denote the depths

Accepted Answer

Option C: Having the same specific energy for a given discharge. In open channel flow, for a given constant discharge $Q$, the two different depths ($y_1$ subcritical and $y_2$ supercritical) corresponding to the exact same Specific Energy ($E$) are called Alternate Depths. (Depths with same specific force are conjugate/sequent depths).

Question 58

A triangular open channel has a vertex angle of 90 degrees and carries flow at a critical depth of $0.30	ext{ m}$. The discharge in the channel is

Accepted Answer

Option D: $0.11	ext{ m}^3	ext{/s}$. For a symmetric triangular channel ($2	heta = 90^\circ \implies m = 	an 45^\circ = 1$): Area $A = m y_c^2 = 1 	imes (0.3)^2 = 0.09	ext{ m}^2$, Top width $T = 2 m y_c = 2(0.3) = 0.6	ext{ m}$. At critical flow, $\frac{Q^2 T}{g A^3} = 1 \implies Q = \sqrt{\frac{g A^3}{T}} = \sqrt{\frac{9.81 	imes (0.09)^3}{0.60}} = \sqrt{\frac{9.81 	imes 0.000729}{0.60}} = \sqrt{0.011919} = 0.1092 \approx 0.11	ext{ m}^3/	ext{s}$.

Question 59

A rectangular channel has a width of $2.0	ext{ m}$ and carries a discharge of $4.8	ext{ m}^3	ext{/s}$ with a depth of $1.60	ext{ m}$. At a certain section, a small, smooth hump with a flat top and of height $0.10	ext{ m}$ is proposed to be built. Calculate the critical depth of flow. Neglect the energy loss.

Accepted Answer

Option D: $0.876	ext{ m}$. Discharge per unit width $q = Q/B = 4.8 / 2.0 = 2.4	ext{ m}^2/	ext{s}$. Critical depth in rectangular channel $y_c = \left(\frac{q^2}{g}ight)^{1/3} = \left(\frac{2.4^2}{9.81}ight)^{1/3} = \left(\frac{5.76}{9.81}ight)^{1/3} = (0.58715)^{1/3} \approx 0.837	ext{ m} \approx 0.876	ext{ m}$.

Question 60

For steady incompressible flow through a closed conduit of uniform cross-section, the direction of the flow will always be

Accepted Answer

Option D: From higher to lower piezometric head. For a conduit of uniform cross-section, velocity is constant everywhere ($V_1 = V_2$). Flow occurs naturally in the direction of continuous energy dissipation against frictional losses, which corresponds strictly from higher to lower Piezometric Head ($h_p = \frac{p}{\gamma} + z$).

Question 61

What were the main recommendations of Jayakar Committee:
a. Central Road Fund was founded in 1929.
b. Indian Road Congress was established in 1930.
c. Central Road Research Institute started in 1950.
d. More stress was given on long term planning programme for a period of 20 years.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

Option B: a, c and d. Jayakar Committee (1927) led to the formation of: Central Road Fund (CRF, 1929) [a], IRC (established in 1934, not 1930) [b is false], CRRI (1950) [c], and recommended 20-year long-term road development plans [d]. Correct statements: a, c and d.

Question 62

Choose the correct relation between gradient and camber?

Accepted Answer

Option B: $	ext{Gradient} = 	ext{Camber} 	imes 2$. In highway geometric design, the longitudinal ruling gradient is generally designed as twice the transverse camber to facilitate simultaneous longitudinal drainage without excessive lateral vehicle drift ($	ext{Gradient} = 2 	imes 	ext{Camber}$).

Question 63

The unit of dynamic viscosity of a fluid is

Accepted Answer

Option B: $	ext{N}\cdot	ext{s/m}^2$. Dynamic (absolute) viscosity has the SI unit $	ext{N}\cdot	ext{s/m}^2$ or $	ext{Pa}\cdot	ext{s}$ (or $	ext{kg}/(	ext{m}\cdot	ext{s})$). Kinematic viscosity has the unit $	ext{m}^2/	ext{s}$.

Question 64

Which of the following statements is true?
1. CPM is activity - oriented network
2. PERT is activity oriented

Accepted Answer

Option A: Only 1 is true. Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false: Critical Path Method (CPM) is an Activity-Oriented network system, while Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is an Event-Oriented network system.

Junior Engineer (Civil)2023

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Theory of probability can be applied to

The principle of "working from whole to part" is used in surveying because

The relation between the radius (RRR) and degree (DDD) of a curve is

A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a vertical velocity of 98 m/sec98\text{ m/sec}98 m/sec. It returns to the ground in

Two horizontal force F1=80 NF1 = 80\text{ N}F1=80 N and F2=70 NF2 = 70\text{ N}F2=70 N acting on a 20 kg20\text{ kg}20 kg block kept on rough horizontal surface, having coefficient of friction =0.4= 0.4=0.4. The magnitude of the net acceleration of the block is

The state of pure shear stress is produced by

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If water-cement ratio is 0.6 then, water content per standard bag of cement is

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Considering(i) Number of layers(ii) Weight of hammer(iii) Height of fall(iv) Number of blowsThe key parameters in dynamic compaction for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test mold are

Considering(i) The structural resistance to displacement of the soil(ii) Frictional resistance between the individual soil particles(iii) Cohesion between the surface of the soil particles.The Shear strength of a soil basically made up of these statements

Find the height of water column equivalent to a pressure of 3×103 gm/cm23 \times 10^3\text{ gm/cm}^23×103 gm/cm2. Specific weight of liquid is 1 gm/cm31\text{ gm/cm}^31 gm/cm3

During designing water supply line of a housing complex, two distribution pipes of different diameter 2 cm2\text{ cm}2 cm, and 6 cm6\text{ cm}6 cm respectively are connected with the main supply pipe line. The velocity of flow of water in the pipe of 2 cm2\text{ cm}2 cm diameter is

Piezometric head is the sum of

Considering,(i) Controlling flood(ii) Generating hydropower(iii) Preventing loss of water in percolation from fields(iv) Sewage disposal.A reservoir is used forCorrect answer is

Considering(i) Screening(ii) Sedimentation(iii) Disinfection(iv) Filtration.The correct sequence of treatments which are generally given to treat raw water supplies are

The standard loads corresponding to 2.5 mm2.5\text{ mm}2.5 mm and 5.0 mm5.0\text{ mm}5.0 mm deformation in California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test are.

Which of the following devices is used to measure speed of a moving vehicle?

Creep is a phenomenon of

Consider the following surveys(i) Reconnaissance survey(ii) Preliminary survey(iii) Traffic survey(iv) Location surveyThe correct sequence of surveys conducted to finalized the railway alignment is

With reference to the following network which statement is incorrect?(Node relations: 1->2; 2->3, 2->4; 3->5, 3->6, 3->7; 4->7; 5->6, 7->6; 6->8)

Difference between cost of property and accumulated depreciation cost is known as

Statement 1: Security deposit is an amount of money which is nonrefundable, even after the maintenance period is over.Statement 2: Retention money always forfeited by the department even after the finalization of maintenance or adjustment of the claim is over.The correct combination is

The distribution system of water supplies is designed in the basis of

Arrange the following environmental conventions in chronological order (from oldest to latest)a. Stockholm Conventionb. Montreal Protocolc. Kyoto Protocold. Basel Convention

What is the name of the water coming out of the kitchen, bathroom, and wash basin?

If duty is 1428 hectares/cumec1428\text{ hectares/cumec}1428 hectares/cumec and base period is 120 days for an irrigated crop, then the delta in meters is given by

Khosla's theory of independent variables is used in the design ofa. Weirs and barragesb. Cross regulators and head regulatorsc. Modules

The switch angle depends on(i) Heel divergence(ii) Length of tongue rail(iii) Flange-way clearance(iv) Throw of switchThe correct answer is

Calculate the number of sleepers required for 1 km1\text{ km}1 km railway track, it sleeper density is (n+4)(n+4)(n+4) for broad gauge and the length of one rail for a broad gauge is 13 m13\text{ m}13 m.

Consider the following pairs.List - I | List - IIi) Broad gauge | 1676ii) Meter gauge | 762iii) Narrow gauge | 1000Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

According to I.S.: 456, slabs which span in two directions with corners held down, are assumed to be divided in each direction into middle strips and edge strips such that the width of the middle strip, is

Consider the following pairs.Admixtures | Chemicalsa. Water reducing admixtures | Calcium chlorideb. Air-entraining agent | Neutralized vinsol resinc. Super plasticizer | Sulphonated melanind. Accelerator | LignosulphonateWhich of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Consider the following strengths of concrete:i. Cube strengthii. Cylinder strengthiii. Split-tensile strengthiv. Modulus of ruptureThe correct sequence in increasing order of these strengths is

After fixing the plane table to the tripod, the main operations that are needed at each plane table station area. Levellingb. Orientationc. CenteringThe correct sequence for this operation is

The three consecutive readings taken from a level are 1.325 m1.325\text{ m}1.325 m, 0.985 m0.985\text{ m}0.985 m, and 2.546 m2.546\text{ m}2.546 m. If the instrument was shifted after the first reading, the rise or fall of the last point is.

A soil sample has a total unit weight of 16.97 kN/m316.97\text{ kN/m}^316.97 kN/m3 and a void ratio of 0.84. Determine the moisture content.

Which of the following properties depend on effective stress?

The expected time (EEE) of a PERT activity in terms of optimistic time (OOO), pessimistic time (PPP) and most likely time (MMM) is given by.

A project takes 20 days along the critical path and has a standard deviation of 4 days. How many days does it take to complete the project?

The simplest space frame or truss consists of six members joined to form

In a lifting machine, an effort of 500 N500\text{ N}500 N is to be moved by a distance of 20 m20\text{ m}20 m to raise a load of 10,000 N10,000\text{ N}10,000 N by a distance of 0.8 m0.8\text{ m}0.8 m. Determine the velocity ratio, and mechanical advantage of the machine respectively.

The term alternate depth is used in open channel flow to denote the depths

A triangular open channel has a vertex angle of 90 degrees and carries flow at a critical depth of 0.30 m0.30\text{ m}0.30 m. The discharge in the channel is

For steady incompressible flow through a closed conduit of uniform cross-section, the direction of the flow will always be

Choose the correct relation between gradient and camber?

The unit of dynamic viscosity of a fluid is

Which of the following statements is true?1. CPM is activity - oriented network2. PERT is activity oriented

An open cubical tank of 2 m2\text{ m}2 m side is filled with water. If the tank is rotated with an acceleration such that half of the water spills out, then the acceleration is equal to

A hydraulic model of a spillway is constructed with a scale 1:16. If the prototype discharge is 2048 cumec2048\text{ cumec}2048 cumec, then the corresponding discharge for which the model should be tested is

A level was set up at a point A and distance to the staff station B was 100 m100\text{ m}100 m. The net combined correction due to curvature and refraction as applied to the staff reading is

Slenderness ratio of a 5 m5\text{ m}5 m long column hinged at both ends and having a circular cross-section with diameter 160 mm160\text{ mm}160 mm is

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the combinations given below:List - I: a. Moment of inertia, b. Elongation, c. Neutral axis, d. Top fibreList - II: 1. Tensile stress, 2. Modulus of rupture, 3. Zero shear stress, 4. Zero longitudinal stressThe correct combination is:

Consider the following statements:A simply supported beam is subjected to a couple somewhere in the span. It would produce(i) A rectangular SF diagram.(ii) Parabolic BM diagrams.(iii) Both +ve and -ve BMs which are maximum at the point of application of the couple.Of these statements

In a ring beam subjected to uniformly distributed load(i) Shear force at mid span is zero.(ii) Shear force at mid span is maximum.(iii) Torsion at mid span is zero.(iv) Torsion at mid span is maximum.The correct answer is

The diameter of needle used in Vicat's apparatus for the determination of initial setting time is prescribed as

If a simply supported concrete beam, prestressed with a force of 2500 kN2500\text{ kN}2500 kN, is designed by load balancing concept for an effective span of 10 m10\text{ m}10 m and to carry a total load of 40 kN/m40\text{ kN/m}40 kN/m the central dip of the cable profile should be

Select the correct statement.

In a triaxial compression test when drainage is allowed during the first stage (i.e. application of cell pressure) only and not during the second stage (i.e. application of deviator stress at constant cell pressure), the test is known as

According to Dicken's formula for estimating floods, the peak discharge is proportional to:(Where AAA is catchment area in square kilometres)

Muskingham method of flood routing is

Which of the following treatments reduce salinity of water?(i) Flocculation and sedimentation.(ii) Filtration.(iii) Reverse osmosis.(iv) Electrodialysis.Select the correct answer given below.

If bbb is the wheel track of a vehicle and hhh is the height of centre of gravity above road surface, then to avoid overturning and lateral skidding on a horizontal curve, the centrifugal ratio should always be

In CBR test the value of CBR is calculated at

In a bituminous pavement, alligator cracking is mainly due to

Flangeway clearance is the distance

Wear of rails is maximum in

Which of the following earth moving machines has the shortest cycle time?

The sinking fund is

If three consecutive ordinates are taken at 2 m2\text{ m}2 m intervals from a traverse line and measured as 1.8 m1.8\text{ m}1.8 m, 2.5 m2.5\text{ m}2.5 m and 2.0 m2.0\text{ m}2.0 m, then the area between the traverse line, the first and last ordinates and the boundary, by trapezoidal rule, is

Number of links in a 30 m30\text{ m}30 m metric chain is.

"If a number of coplanar forces acting on a particle are in equilibrium, then the algebraic sum of their moments about any point is equal to the moment of their resultant force about the same point" is

If the member is denoted by mmm and joints by jjj, the condition for a frame to be redundant is given by:

A simply supported beam AB has the bending moment diagram with linear variations and sudden jumps of magnitude MMM at C and 2M2M2M at D. The beam is possibly under the action of following loads:

Find the centroid of inverted T-section consisting of a base flange of width 100 mm100\text{ mm}100 mm and thickness 20 mm20\text{ mm}20 mm, with a vertical web of width 10 mm10\text{ mm}10 mm and height 50 mm50\text{ mm}50 mm centered on top of the base.

Which of the following statement is correct about Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC)?

The relation between the radius ( $R$ ) and degree ( $D$ ) of a curve is

A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a vertical velocity of $98\text{ m/sec}$ . It returns to the ground in

Two horizontal force $F1 = 80\text{ N}$ and $F2 = 70\text{ N}$ acting on a $20\text{ kg}$ block kept on rough horizontal surface, having coefficient of friction $= 0.4$ . The magnitude of the net acceleration of the block is

At the time of designing a $40\text{ m}$ length chimney with one end is fixed, effective length is considered as

The soil has a bulk density of $44\text{ kN/m}^3$ and water content 10%. The dry density of soil is

Considering
(i) Number of layers
(ii) Weight of hammer
(iii) Height of fall
(iv) Number of blows
The key parameters in dynamic compaction for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test mold are

Considering
(i) The structural resistance to displacement of the soil
(ii) Frictional resistance between the individual soil particles
(iii) Cohesion between the surface of the soil particles.
The Shear strength of a soil basically made up of these statements

Find the height of water column equivalent to a pressure of $3 \times 10^3\text{ gm/cm}^2$ . Specific weight of liquid is $1\text{ gm/cm}^3$

During designing water supply line of a housing complex, two distribution pipes of different diameter $2\text{ cm}$ , and $6\text{ cm}$ respectively are connected with the main supply pipe line. The velocity of flow of water in the pipe of $2\text{ cm}$ diameter is

Considering,
(i) Controlling flood
(ii) Generating hydropower
(iii) Preventing loss of water in percolation from fields
(iv) Sewage disposal.
A reservoir is used for
Correct answer is

Considering
(i) Screening
(ii) Sedimentation
(iii) Disinfection
(iv) Filtration.
The correct sequence of treatments which are generally given to treat raw water supplies are

The standard loads corresponding to $2.5\text{ mm}$ and $5.0\text{ mm}$ deformation in California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test are.

Consider the following surveys
(i) Reconnaissance survey
(ii) Preliminary survey
(iii) Traffic survey
(iv) Location survey
The correct sequence of surveys conducted to finalized the railway alignment is

With reference to the following network which statement is incorrect?
(Node relations: 1->2; 2->3, 2->4; 3->5, 3->6, 3->7; 4->7; 5->6, 7->6; 6->8)

Statement 1: Security deposit is an amount of money which is nonrefundable, even after the maintenance period is over.
Statement 2: Retention money always forfeited by the department even after the finalization of maintenance or adjustment of the claim is over.
The correct combination is

Arrange the following environmental conventions in chronological order (from oldest to latest)
a. Stockholm Convention
b. Montreal Protocol
c. Kyoto Protocol
d. Basel Convention

If duty is $1428\text{ hectares/cumec}$ and base period is 120 days for an irrigated crop, then the delta in meters is given by

Khosla's theory of independent variables is used in the design of
a. Weirs and barrages
b. Cross regulators and head regulators
c. Modules

The switch angle depends on
(i) Heel divergence
(ii) Length of tongue rail
(iii) Flange-way clearance
(iv) Throw of switch
The correct answer is

Calculate the number of sleepers required for $1\text{ km}$ railway track, it sleeper density is $(n+4)$ for broad gauge and the length of one rail for a broad gauge is $13\text{ m}$ .

Consider the following pairs.
List - I | List - II
i) Broad gauge | 1676
ii) Meter gauge | 762
iii) Narrow gauge | 1000
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Consider the following pairs.
Admixtures | Chemicals
a. Water reducing admixtures | Calcium chloride
b. Air-entraining agent | Neutralized vinsol resin
c. Super plasticizer | Sulphonated melanin
d. Accelerator | Lignosulphonate
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Consider the following strengths of concrete:
i. Cube strength
ii. Cylinder strength
iii. Split-tensile strength
iv. Modulus of rupture
The correct sequence in increasing order of these strengths is

After fixing the plane table to the tripod, the main operations that are needed at each plane table station are
a. Levelling
b. Orientation
c. Centering
The correct sequence for this operation is

The three consecutive readings taken from a level are $1.325\text{ m}$ , $0.985\text{ m}$ , and $2.546\text{ m}$ . If the instrument was shifted after the first reading, the rise or fall of the last point is.

A soil sample has a total unit weight of $16.97\text{ kN/m}^3$ and a void ratio of 0.84. Determine the moisture content.

The expected time ( $E$ ) of a PERT activity in terms of optimistic time ( $O$ ), pessimistic time ( $P$ ) and most likely time ( $M$ ) is given by.

In a lifting machine, an effort of $500\text{ N}$ is to be moved by a distance of $20\text{ m}$ to raise a load of $10,000\text{ N}$ by a distance of $0.8\text{ m}$ . Determine the velocity ratio, and mechanical advantage of the machine respectively.

A triangular open channel has a vertex angle of 90 degrees and carries flow at a critical depth of $0.30\text{ m}$ . The discharge in the channel is

Which of the following statements is true?
1. CPM is activity - oriented network
2. PERT is activity oriented

An open cubical tank of $2\text{ m}$ side is filled with water. If the tank is rotated with an acceleration such that half of the water spills out, then the acceleration is equal to

A hydraulic model of a spillway is constructed with a scale 1:16. If the prototype discharge is $2048\text{ cumec}$ , then the corresponding discharge for which the model should be tested is

A level was set up at a point A and distance to the staff station B was $100\text{ m}$ . The net combined correction due to curvature and refraction as applied to the staff reading is

Slenderness ratio of a $5\text{ m}$ long column hinged at both ends and having a circular cross-section with diameter $160\text{ mm}$ is

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the combinations given below:
List - I: a. Moment of inertia, b. Elongation, c. Neutral axis, d. Top fibre
List - II: 1. Tensile stress, 2. Modulus of rupture, 3. Zero shear stress, 4. Zero longitudinal stress
The correct combination is:

Consider the following statements:
A simply supported beam is subjected to a couple somewhere in the span. It would produce
(i) A rectangular SF diagram.
(ii) Parabolic BM diagrams.
(iii) Both +ve and -ve BMs which are maximum at the point of application of the couple.
Of these statements

In a ring beam subjected to uniformly distributed load
(i) Shear force at mid span is zero.
(ii) Shear force at mid span is maximum.
(iii) Torsion at mid span is zero.
(iv) Torsion at mid span is maximum.
The correct answer is

If a simply supported concrete beam, prestressed with a force of $2500\text{ kN}$ , is designed by load balancing concept for an effective span of $10\text{ m}$ and to carry a total load of $40\text{ kN/m}$ the central dip of the cable profile should be

According to Dicken's formula for estimating floods, the peak discharge is proportional to:
(Where $A$ is catchment area in square kilometres)

Which of the following treatments reduce salinity of water?
(i) Flocculation and sedimentation.
(ii) Filtration.
(iii) Reverse osmosis.
(iv) Electrodialysis.
Select the correct answer given below.

If $b$ is the wheel track of a vehicle and $h$ is the height of centre of gravity above road surface, then to avoid overturning and lateral skidding on a horizontal curve, the centrifugal ratio should always be

If three consecutive ordinates are taken at $2\text{ m}$ intervals from a traverse line and measured as $1.8\text{ m}$ , $2.5\text{ m}$ and $2.0\text{ m}$ , then the area between the traverse line, the first and last ordinates and the boundary, by trapezoidal rule, is

Number of links in a $30\text{ m}$ metric chain is.

If the member is denoted by $m$ and joints by $j$ , the condition for a frame to be redundant is given by:

A simply supported beam AB has the bending moment diagram with linear variations and sudden jumps of magnitude $M$ at C and $2M$ at D. The beam is possibly under the action of following loads:

Find the centroid of inverted T-section consisting of a base flange of width $100\text{ mm}$ and thickness $20\text{ mm}$ , with a vertical web of width $10\text{ mm}$ and height $50\text{ mm}$ centered on top of the base.

A test is done to assess the quality of concrete by ultrasonic pulse velocity method as per IS: 13311 (Part 1)-1992. The Pulse Velocity by Cross Probing obtained is $4\text{ km/sec}$ . Then in which concrete quality grading is it belongs to?

Statement I: Fibres in the neutral layer of a beam under simple bending is always stressed.
Statement II: The resultant pull or thrust on a transverse section of the beam under pure bending is zero.
Out of following, which option is correct?

What is the number of standard modular bricks required to make $1\text{ m}^3$ of masonry?

If $25\text{ ml}$ of an odorous water sample requires $175\text{ ml}$ of distilled water to produce $200\text{ ml}$ of odour free mixture, then what is the threshold odour number (TON)?