MS Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) & Shortcut Keys

1📚📜 HistoryHistory

Who is popularly known as the "Grand Old Man of India"?

Explanation

Dadabhai Naoroji is known as the 'Grand Old Man of India'. He was a prominent leader in the Indian national movement and formulated the Drain of Wealth theory.

دادا بھائی نائوروجی (Dadabhai Naoroji) کو 'Grand Old Man of India' کہا جاتا ہے۔ انہوں نے پسماندگی اور معاشی نکاس کا نظریہ پیش کیا تھا۔

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2📚🔢 MathChi Square Test

What is the formula for Chi square test?

Explanation

The Chi-square formula is: χ² = Σ [(O - E)² / E], where O is the observed frequency and E is the expected frequency.

کائی اسکوائر ٹیسٹ کا فارمولا ہے: χ² = Σ [(مشاہدہ شدہ قدر - متوقع قدر)² / متوقع قدر]۔

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3📚⚗️ ChemistryOrganometallic Chemistry

Predict the number of Fe-Fe bonds in [(eta^5-C_5H_5)Fe(CO)]_2 molecules using the 18 electron rule:

Explanation

The formula represents the cyclopentadienyl iron dicarbonyl dimer [CpFe(CO)2]2 (with a typo in the exam paper missing the 2 after CO). Under the 18-electron rule, each Fe atom contributes 8e^-, Cp contributes 5e^-, two CO ligands contribute 4e^-, totaling 17e^-. To satisfy the 18-electron rule, there must be exactly 1 Fe-Fe single bond.

اس کمپاؤنڈ [CpFe(CO)2]2 میں لوہے (Fe) کا ہر ایٹم 18 الیکٹران کا قاعدہ پورا کرنے کے لیے آپس میں ایک Fe-Fe بانڈ (One) بناتا ہے۔

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4📚🛡️ Cyber ForensicsIP Addressing

Which of the following is a necessary part of the IPv6 datagram?

Explanation

The base header is a mandatory, fixed-size 40-byte header that must be present in every IPv6 datagram, whereas extension headers are optional.

آئی پی ورژن 6 (IPv6) ڈیٹا گرام میں بیس ہیڈر (Base header) کا ہونا لازمی ہے، جبکہ ایکسٹینشن ہیڈرز اختیاری ہوتے ہیں۔

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5📚🛡️ Cyber ForensicsOperating Systems

Which of the following are the two parts of the file name?

Explanation

In standard computer operating systems, a file name consists of two parts: the base name and the extension, which indicates the file format (separated by a dot).

فائل کے نام کے دو اہم حصے اس کا نام اور اس کی ایکسٹینشن (Extension and name) ہوتے ہیں۔

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6📚🛡️ Cyber ForensicsSQLite Databases

Which of the following statements is true about SQLite encryption?

Explanation

Standard SQLite does not include encryption by default. It supports it through commercial add-ons like the SQLite Encryption Extension (SEE).

ایس کیو لائٹ انکرپشن کے بارے میں یہ درست ہے کہ یہ ایس ای ای (SEE) ایکسٹینشن کے ذریعے انکرپشن کو سپورٹ کرتا ہے۔

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7📚🛡️ Cyber ForensicsPrivacy Tools

_____ is a popular tool to block social-media websites to track your browsing activities.

Explanation

Blur (Abine Blur) is a well-known privacy tool and browser extension designed to block social media trackers, block ads, and mask user details.

فیس بک اور دوسرے سوشل میڈیا ٹریکرز کو آپ کی براؤزنگ ٹریک کرنے سے روکنے کے لیے بلر (Blur) ایک مقبول ٹول ہے۔

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8📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringCrime Scene Reconstruction

In crime scene reconstruction, what does "conjecture" mean?

Explanation

In the process of crime scene reconstruction, a conjecture refers to a preliminary, working hypothesis or possible explanation formulated before comprehensive and detailed laboratory analysis is completed.

کرائم سین کی تعمیر نو (reconstruction) میں، تفصیلی سائنسی تجزیہ کرنے سے پہلے ایک ابتدائی ممکنہ وضاحت یا مفروضہ تیار کرنے کو کنجیکچر (conjecture) کہتے ہیں۔

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9📚🧬 BiologyMolecular Biology

Arrange the temperatures of Polymerase Chain Reaction in order according to the procedural steps of the reaction setup.
i. 72°C
ii. 60°C
iii. 92°C

Explanation

The typical steps in a PCR cycle are: Denaturation at ~92°C to 95°C (iii), Annealing of primers at ~50°C to 60°C (ii), and Extension of DNA at ~72°C (i). Hence, the order of temperatures is iii, ii, i.

پی سی آر (PCR) سائیکل کا درجہ حرارت اور ترتیب یہ ہے: سب سے پہلے ڈی نیچوریشن 92°C (iii)، پھر اینیلنگ 60°C (ii)، اور آخر میں ایکسٹینشن 72°C (i)۔ اس لیے ترتیب iii، ii، i ہوگی۔

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10📚🔬 Forensic ScienceHistory of Forensics

The concept of 'Every contact leaves a trace' is associated with which of the following forensic scientist?

Explanation

The fundamental tenet of forensic science, 'Every contact leaves a trace', is known as Locard's Exchange Principle, formulated by Sir Edmond Locard.

فارنزک سائنس کا سب سے اہم اصول 'ہر رابطہ ایک نشان چھوڑتا ہے' فرانسیسی سائنسدان ایڈمنڈ لوکارڈ (Edmond Locard) سے منسوب ہے، جسے لوکارڈ کا تبادلہ کا اصول کہتے ہیں۔

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11📚🔢 MathANOVA Calculations

In an analysis of variance (ANOVA) comparing the performance of three different study techniques, the mean scores are 75, 80, and 85 for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The overall mean is 80, and the total sum of squares is 300. What is the between-group sum of squares?

Explanation

The formula for Between-Group Sum of Squares (SSB) is SSB = sum of n_j (Mean_j - Overall_Mean)^2. Assuming equal group sizes (n = 1 for simplest representation): SSB = 1(75-80)^2 + 1(80-80)^2 + 1(85-80)^2 = (-5)^2 + 0^2 + 5^2 = 25 + 0 + 25 = 50.

گروپوں کے درمیان مجموعہِ مربعات (Between-group sum of squares) معلوم کرنے کے لیے، ہر گروپ کے اوسط کو مجموعی اوسط سے گھٹا کر اس کا مربع لیا جاتا ہے: (75-80)^2 + (80-80)^2 + (85-80)^2 = 25 + 0 + 25 = 50۔

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12📚🔢 MathChi-Square Calculation

In a study of preferences among three different colors (red, blue, and green), the observed frequencies are 25, 30, and 15, respectively. If the expected frequencies are 20 for each color, what is the chi-square statistic for this test?

Explanation

Using Chi-Square formula: χ² = Σ (O - E)² / E. Red: (25 - 20)² / 20 = 25 / 20 = 1.25. Blue: (30 - 20)² / 20 = 100 / 20 = 5.0. Green: (15 - 20)² / 20 = 25 / 20 = 1.25. χ² = 1.25 + 5.0 + 1.25 = 7.5.

فارمولا χ² = Σ (O - E)² / E کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے: سرخ کے لیے (25-20)²/20 = 1.25، نیلے کے لیے (30-20)²/20 = 5.0، اور سبز کے لیے (15-20)²/20 = 1.25۔ کل حاصل: 1.25 + 5.0 + 1.25 = 7.5۔

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13📚🔬 Forensic ScienceInk Analysis

What are Taggants in inks used as?

Explanation

Taggants are unique chemical or physical markers added to inks by manufacturers during production to allow the identification of the ink brand, formulation, and year of manufacture.

ٹیگینٹس (Taggants) وہ خاص کیمیائی مرکبات یا نشانات ہوتے ہیں جو روشنائی بنانے والی کمپنیاں اس میں شامل کرتی ہیں تاکہ ضرورت پڑنے پر روشنائی کی اصل کمپنی اور تیاری کے سال کی شناخت کی جا سکے۔

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14📚🔢 MathExtraction Optimization

Solvent extraction is improved if done using

Explanation

According to extraction thermodynamics, partition formulas prove that performing multiple successive extractions with smaller volumes of solvent yields a higher extraction recovery than a single extraction with the same total volume.

تقسیم کے قوانین کے مطابق، سالونٹ کی بڑی مقدار ایک بار استعمال کرنے کے بجائے، اسی مقدار کو چھوٹے حصوں میں تقسیم کر کے بار بار ایکسٹریکشن کرنا زیادہ کارآمد ہوتا ہے۔

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15📚🔢 MathChromatography Theory

What is the formula to calculate theoretical plates, where V is retention time and W_b is peak width

Explanation

The formula for the number of theoretical plates (N) is N = 16 * (t_R / W_b)², where t_R (or V_e) represents the retention time (or retention volume) and W_b is the peak width at the baseline.

کرومیٹوگرافی میں فرضی پلیٹوں کی تعداد (N) معلوم کرنے کا معیاری فارمولا N = 16 * (V_e / W_b)² ہے، جہاں V_e ریٹینشن ٹائم اور W_b پین چوڑائی ہے۔

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16📚📝 EnglishActive & Passive Voice

Choose the correct active/passive voice form of the following sentence: "The prisoners have made these paintings."

Explanation

The active sentence is in Present Perfect tense ('have made'). The corresponding passive voice formula is 'object + have/has + been + past participle + by + subject', resulting in 'These paintings have been made by the prisoners.'

دیا گیا جملہ پریزنٹ پرفیکٹ ٹینس میں ہے، اس لیے اس کا پیسیو وائس (Passive Voice) 'These paintings have been made by the prisoners' ہوگا۔

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17📚💻 ComputerMS Office

We can start MS Word by typing in the Run Dialog Box

Explanation

Microsoft Word can be launched from the Windows Run dialog box (Win+R) by typing 'winword.exe' or 'winword' and pressing Enter.

ونڈوز رن (Run) ڈائیلاگ باکس میں winword.exe لکھ کر مائیکروسافٹ ورڈ (MS Word) کو براہ راست کھولا جا سکتا ہے۔

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18📚💻 ComputerMS Word

Home key is used for

Explanation

The 'Home' key is a keyboard key that moves the text cursor directly to the beginning of the line on which it is currently positioned.

'Home' کلید کرسر کو اسی لائن کے شروع میں لے جانے کے لیے استعمال ہوتی ہے جس پر وہ موجود ہے۔

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19📚💻 ComputerMS Word

Autocorrect was initially designed to replace

Explanation

Autocorrect was originally designed to identify and replace misspelled words or typos automatically as the user types.

آٹو کریکٹ بنیادی طور پر ٹائپنگ کے دوران غلط املا (misspelled words) کو خود بخود درست کرنے کے لیے ڈیزائن کیا گیا تھا۔

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20📚💻 ComputerMS Word

In MS-Word, which utility enables to send the same letter to multiple participants?

Explanation

Mail Merge is a feature in MS Word that allows you to generate personalized letters or emails for multiple recipients using a single template and a data source.

میل مرج (Mail Merge) مائیکروسافٹ ورڈ کی ایک خصوصیت ہے جو ایک ہی خط کو متعدد وصول کنندگان کے لیے تیار کرنے کے کام آتی ہے۔

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21📚💻 ComputerMS Word

In MS-Word, from which menu option can you access picture, text box and charts?

Explanation

In MS-Word, pictures, shapes, text boxes, and charts are accessed through the 'Insert' tab/menu.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں تصاویر، ٹیکسٹ باکس اور چارٹس وغیرہ 'Insert' مینو کے ذریعے شامل کیے جاتے ہیں۔

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22📚🔢 MathPermutations Combinations

In a hockey championship, there are 153 matches played. Every two teams played one match with each other. The number of teams participating in the championship is:

Explanation

If there are n teams, the number of matches is given by the combination formula nC2 = n(n-1)/2.
So, n(n-1)/2 = 153 => n(n-1) = 306.
Solving the quadratic equation: 18 * 17 = 306. Thus, n = 18.

اگر ٹیموں کی تعداد n ہو تو میچوں کی تعداد n(n-1)/2 ہوگی۔
n(n-1)/2 = 153 => n(n-1) = 306۔ 18 * 17 = 306 ہوتا ہے، اس طرح حصہ لینے والی ٹیموں کی تعداد 18 ہے۔ (JKSSB کی آفیشل کی کے مطابق 18 کا آپشن فائنل تھا)۔

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23📚🔢 MathTime and Work

If 20 men can build a wall 56 metres long in 6 days, what length of a similar wall can be built by 35 men in 3 days?

Explanation

Using formula M1 D1 / W1 = M2 D2 / W2 => 20 6 / 56 = 35 3 / W2 => 120 / 56 = 105 / W2 => W2 = (105 * 56) / 120 = 49 meters.

فارمولہ M1 D1 / W1 = M2 D2 / W2 استعمال کرنے پر: 20 6 / 56 = 35 3 / W2، جس کو حل کرنے پر W2 = 49 میٹر حاصل ہوتا ہے۔

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24📚💻 ComputerSearch Engines

An example of an 'Internet search engine' is:

Explanation

Yahoo is a web search engine, whereas Linux and Windows are Operating Systems, and MS Excel is an application spreadsheet software.

یاہو (Yahoo) ایک ویب سرچ انجن ہے، جبکہ ونڈوز اور لینکس آپریٹنگ سسٹم ہیں اور ایکسل ایک ایپلیکیشن سافٹ ویئر ہے۔

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25📚💻 ComputerMS Excel

In MS-Excel, one can use the formula palette to

Explanation

The formula palette in MS Excel is used to help select, build, and edit formulas that contain complex mathematical and logical functions.

ایم ایس ایکسل میں فارمولا پیلیٹ (formula palette) کا استعمال فنکشنز والے فارمولے کو منتخب کرنے اور اس میں ترمیم کرنے کے لیے کیا جاتا ہے۔

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26📚💻 ComputerOffice Applications

Which of the following is a spreadsheet application program?

Explanation

MS Excel is a spreadsheet application program. MS Access is a database management program, MS Word is a word processor, and MS-DOS is an operating system.

ایم ایس ایکسل (MS Excel) ایک اسپریڈ شیٹ پروگرام ہے۔ ایم ایس ورڈ ورڈ پروسیسر ہے اور ایم ایس ایکسس ڈیٹا بیس پروگرام ہے۔

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27📚💻 ComputerShortcuts

Which one of the following is typed in the Run dialog box to access MS Word?

Explanation

'winword' or 'winword.exe' is the executable file name for Microsoft Word. Typing this in the Windows Run dialog box launches MS Word.

ونڈوز رن (Run) ڈائیلاگ باکس میں 'winword' لکھنے سے مائیکروسافٹ ورڈ (MS Word) کھل جاتا ہے کیونکہ یہ اس کی ایگزیکیوٹیبل فائل کا نام ہے۔

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28📚💻 ComputerMS Excel

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the 'Number' type formatting of cells in MS-Excel 2007?

Explanation

In MS-Excel 2007, the maximum limit of decimal places you can format for a number cell is 30. The default value is 2.

ایم ایس ایکسل 2007 میں، نمبر سیل فارمیٹنگ میں اعشاریہ کی زیادہ سے زیادہ حد 30 ہے۔ جبکہ پہلے سے طے شدہ (Default) حد 2 ہوتی ہے۔

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29📚💻 ComputerMS Word

What action is performed by pressing Ctrl+E in MS Word?

Explanation

In MS Word, the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+E is used to align the selected text to the center.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں، کی بورڈ شارٹ کٹ Ctrl+E کا استعمال منتخب متن کو اسکرین کے بیچ میں (Align Center) کرنے کے لیے کیا جاتا ہے۔

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30📚💻 ComputerMS Powerpoint

What is the shortcut key to start a slide show in Microsoft PowerPoint?

Explanation

F5 is the shortcut key used to start the slide show from the first slide in Microsoft PowerPoint.

مائیکروسافٹ پاورپوائنٹ میں سلائیڈ شو کو شروع سے چلانے کا شارٹ کٹ بٹن F5 ہے۔

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31📚🧬 BiologyDrawing Instruments

Which grade of pencil is used for drawing arrowheads?

Explanation

A hard pencil grade such as 2H is recommended for drawing arrowheads, dimension lines, extension lines, and section lines. It maintains a sharp point, ensuring crisp and clean lines. (Softer pencils like H/HB are used for lettering and outlines).

ایرو ہیڈز (arrowheads)، ڈائمینشن اور سیکشن لائنوں کے لیے 2H گریڈ کی پنسل استعمال کی جاتی ہے، کیونکہ یہ سخت ہوتی ہے اور اس کی نوک باریک رہتی ہے جس سے لائنیں صاف بنتی ہیں۔

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32📚🧬 BiologyFish Nutrition

Match the following to their formula:
a. Food Conversion Ratio
b. Protein efficiency ratio
c. Feed efficiency ratio
d. Net protein utilization

Formulas:
1. Weight gain / protein intake
2. Feed intake / weight gain
3. (Nitrogen retained / nitrogen absorbed) * 100
4. Weight gain / Feed taken

Match correctly:

Explanation

Matches: FCR = Feed Intake / Weight Gain (a:2); PER = Weight Gain / Protein Intake (b:1); FER = Weight Gain / Feed Taken (c:4); NPU = (Nitrogen Retained / Nitrogen Absorbed) * 100 (d:3). This matches Option B.

درست فارمولے: FCR = خوراک کی مقدار / وزن کا اضافہ (a:2)؛ PER = وزن کا اضافہ / پروٹین کی مقدار (b:1)؛ FER = وزن کا اضافہ / خوراک کی مقدار (c:4)؛ NPU = جذب شدہ نائٹروجن کا حاصل کردہ تناسب (d:3)۔ یہ آپشن B ہے۔

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33📚🧬 BiologyAquaculture

Taficid-80 along with detergent kills ----- weeds

Explanation

Taficide-80 (a formulation of 2,4-D herbicide) mixed with a detergent acting as a surfactant is highly effective in controlling and eradicating Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce).

ٹیفیسائیڈ-80 (Taficide-80 - ہربیسائیڈ) اور واشنگ پاؤڈر کا مکسچر پانی کے اوپر تیرنے والی جڑی بوٹی پسٹیا (Pistia - واٹر لیٹس) کو ختم کرنے کے لیے استعمال ہوتا ہے۔

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34📚💻 ComputerKeyboard Shortcuts

Which function key is commonly used to refresh a web page or file explorer window in Windows?

Explanation

F5 is the standard shortcut key used to refresh or reload the active window or web page in Windows and web browsers.

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35📚💻 ComputerFile Extensions

What is the full form of the document file extension 'PDF'?

Explanation

PDF stands for Portable Document Format, developed by Adobe to present documents independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

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36📚💻 ComputerKeyboard Shortcuts

What is the keyboard shortcut to undo the last action in a Windows environment?

Explanation

The shortcut Ctrl + Z is used to undo the last action. Ctrl + Y is used to redo, Ctrl + X to cut, and Ctrl + U is often used for underline.

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37📚💻 ComputerMS Excel

In Microsoft Excel, which symbol must be typed first to start writing any formula or mathematical function?

Explanation

All formulas and functions in Microsoft Excel must start with an equal sign (

=

).

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38📚🏗️ Environmental EngineeringSewer Hydraulics & Formulas

Pick the Hazen-William's formula for Sewer Design

Explanation

The Hazen-Williams formula in metric SI units for velocity of flow in pressure pipes and sewers is

V = 0.849~C~r^{0.63}S^{0.54}

(commonly written as

V = 0.85~C~r^{0.63}S^{0.54}

), where

C

is the Hazen-Williams roughness coefficient,

r

is the hydraulic radius (

R

), and

S

is the hydraulic energy slope.

سیور ڈیزائن کے لیے ہیزن-ولیمز کا فارمولا

V=0.85~C~r^{0.63}S^{0.54}

ہے۔

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39📚🧪 Chemistry & Water QualityWater Quality Parameters & Chemical Formulas

Consider the following pairs:
a. NGT — 1. Ferroin indicator
b. Blue baby disease — 2. Nitric acid
c.

\text{CO}_2

— 3. Excessive Nitrates
d.

\text{HNO}_3

— 4. Peroxyacetyl nitrate
Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Explanation

Blue baby syndrome (methemoglobinemia) is caused by Excessive Nitrates in drinking water (b-3), and

\text{HNO}_3

is the chemical formula for Nitric acid (d-2).

بلیو بیبی کی بیماری پینے کے پانی میں نائٹریٹس کی زیادتی سے ہوتی ہے (b-3) اور

\text{HNO}_3

نائٹرک ایسڈ کا فارمولا ہے (d-2)۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department

40📚🏗️ Environmental EngineeringFluid Hydraulics & Flowrate Formula

If the area of reactor is

0.25\text{ m}^2

through which water is flowing at a velocity of

10\text{ m/s},

what is the flowrate?

Explanation

Discharge/Flowrate

Q = \text{Cross-sectional Area } (A) \times \text{Flow Velocity } (V) = 0.25\text{ m}^2 \times 10\text{ m/s} = 2.5\text{ m}^3/\text{s}

.

بہاؤ کی شرح

Q = A \times V = 0.25 \times 10 = 2.5\text{ m}^3/\text{s}

ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department

41📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Office: MS Word Printing Options

You are given an MS Word document in portrait orientation with a default size of A4, which of the following options is NOT possible in MS Word:

Explanation

All standard options (printing selected text range, specific page numbers, multi-page per sheet, and orientation switching) are native in Word. Among standard question conventions, selecting partial page inline printing requires Print Selection.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں پرنٹ کے مختلف اختیارات دستیاب ہوتے ہیں۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏢 Various Departments

42📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Excel Database Functions

What is the function of DCOUNT in MS EXCEL?

Explanation

The DCOUNT function in Excel is a database function that counts the cells containing numbers in a field (column) of records in a database list that match criteria specified in a criteria range.

MS Excel میں DCOUNT مخصوص شرائط پر پورا اترنے والے ڈیٹا بیس کالم کے نمبروں والے سیلز کی گنتی کرتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏢 Various Departments

43📚📊 Accountancy & Financial ManagementCapital vs Revenue Expenditure

Which of the following is revenue expenditure for an office equipment dealer?
i) Sales promotion costs
ii) Warehouse extension costs
iii) Purchase of office equipment for resale
iv) Purchase of delivery vehicle for sales department

Explanation

For an office equipment dealer, office equipment purchased for resale is trading stock/inventory (revenue expenditure), and sales promotion is an operational selling expense (revenue expenditure). Items (ii) and (iv) are capital expenditures.

ایک ڈیلر کے لیے اشیاء کی خریداری برائے فروخت اور تشہیری اخراجات ریونیو اخراجات (i اور iii) ہیں۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department

44📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS PowerPoint Shortcuts

Keyboard shortcut to view the Slide Show

Explanation

In Microsoft PowerPoint, pressing F5 starts the Slide Show from the first slide (and Shift + F5 starts from the current slide).

پاور پوائنٹ میں سلائیڈ شو شروع کرنے کی شارٹ کٹ کی F5 ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department

45📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS PowerPoint Placeholders

In PowerPoint, the objects on the slide to hold the text are called as-

Explanation

In PowerPoint slide layouts, dotted-line containers that hold titles, text, tables, and charts are formally called 'Placeholders'.

پاور پوائنٹ میں متن یا تصاویر رکھنے والے ڈبوں کو پلیس ہولڈرز (Placeholders) کہا جاتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department

46📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Excel Shortcuts

The Keyboard shortcut to switch between displaying Excel formulas or their values in a cell

Explanation

In Microsoft Excel,

\text{Ctrl} + `

(Grave Accent / Tilde key

\sim

) toggles between displaying cell formulas and calculated values.

ایم ایس ایکسل میں فارمولوں اور قیمتوں کے درمیان سوئچ کرنے کی شارٹ کٹ

\text{Ctrl}+\text{Shift}+\sim

(یا

\text{Ctrl}+`

) ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department

47📚📊 Construction Project ManagementPERT Expected Time Formula

The expected time (

E

) of a PERT activity in terms of optimistic time (

O

), pessimistic time (

P

) and most likely time (

M

) is given by.

Explanation

In PERT (beta distribution), the expected mean activity duration is

t_e = \frac{t_o + 4t_m + t_p}{6}

.

PERT میں متوقع وقت کا فارمولا

E = \frac{O + 4M + P}{6}

ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti

48📚🧱 Strength of MaterialsElongation of Tapering Bars

A steel flat of thickness

10\text{ mm}

tapers uniformly from

60\text{ mm}

at one end to

40\text{ mm}

at other end in a length of

600\text{ mm}

. If the bar is subjected to a load of

80\text{ kN}

, find its extension. Take

E = 2 \times 10^5\text{ MPa}

.

Explanation

Extension of a uniformly tapering rectangular bar

\delta L = \frac{P L}{E t (b_1 - b_2)} \ln\left(\frac{b_1}{b_2}\right) = \frac{80000 \times 600}{2 \times 10^5 \times 10 \times (60 - 40)} \ln\left(\frac{60}{40}\right) = \frac{48000000}{40000000} \ln(1.5) = 1.20 \times 0.405465 = 0.486\text{ mm}

.

ٹیپرنگ فلیٹ بار کی لمبائی میں اضافہ

\delta L = 0.486\text{ mm}

ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti

49📚🌊 Fluid Mechanics & HydraulicsDimensional Analysis

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the combination given below the lists:
List - I (Physical quantity): a. Specific gravity, b. Coefficient of viscosity, c. Kinematic viscosity, d. Stress
List - II (Dimensional formula): 1.

[\text{M}^0\text{L}^2\text{T}^{-1}]

, 2.

[\text{M}^0\text{L}^0\text{T}^0]

, 3.

[\text{M}\text{L}^{-1}\text{T}^{-1}]

, 4.

[\text{M}\text{L}^{-1}\text{T}^{-2}]

The correct combination is:

Explanation

Specific gravity = Dimensionless

[M^0 L^0 T^0]

(a-2), Dynamic viscosity =

[M L^{-1} T^{-1}]

(b-3), Kinematic viscosity =

[M^0 L^2 T^{-1}]

(c-1), Stress =

[M L^{-1} T^{-2}]

(d-4). Match: a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4.

ڈائمینشنل فارمولوں کا درست ملاپ: a-2، b-3، c-1، d-4 ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti

50📚📐 SurveyingCurvature & Refraction Corrections

A level was set up at a point A and distance to the staff station B was

100\text{ m}

. The net combined correction due to curvature and refraction as applied to the staff reading is

Explanation

Combined correction formula

C_{comb} = -0.0673 D^2\text{ meters}

, where

D

is in kilometres. Here

D = 100\text{ m} = 0.10\text{ km}

.

C_{comb} = -0.0673 \times (0.1)^2 = -0.0673 \times 0.01 = -0.000673\text{ m}

(subtractive).

مشترکہ تصحیح C = -0.0673 \times (0.1)^2 = -0.000673 میٹر ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti

51📚🌊 Hydrology & Flood EstimationEmpirical Flood Formulas

According to Dicken's formula for estimating floods, the peak discharge is proportional to:
(Where

A

is catchment area in square kilometres)

Explanation

Dicken's empirical formula for peak flood discharge (widely used in Northern and Central India) is

Q_p = C_D \cdot A^{3/4}

, where

Q_p

is proportional to

A^{3/4}

.

ڈکنز کے فارمولے کے مطابق سیلابی ڈسچارج

Q_p = C_D \cdot A^{3/4}

کیچمنٹ ایریا کے

A^{3/4}

کے متناسب ہوتا ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti

52📚💻 Computer KnowledgeKeyboard Shortcuts

'Ctrl+Right Arrow' is used to

Explanation

Pressing 'Ctrl + Right Arrow' moves the text insertion cursor one whole word to the right.

کی بورڈ پر 'Ctrl + Right Arrow' دبانے سے کرسر ایک لفظ دائیں منتقل ہوتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

53📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Word Document Views

Which view in Microsoft Word allows you to see how your document will look when printed?

Explanation

Print Layout View in MS Word displays the document exactly as it will appear when printed on physical paper, including margins, headers, footers, and page breaks (WYSIWYG).

ایم ایس ورڈ کا 'Print Layout View' دستاویز کو بالکل ویسا دکھاتا ہے جیسا وہ پرنٹ ہونے پر نظر آئے گا۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

54📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Excel Functions & Formulas

What is the purpose of the "AutoSum" button in Excel?

Explanation

The AutoSum (

Sigma

) button in Microsoft Excel automatically enters a SUM formula to total and add up numeric values in an adjacent range of selected cells.

ایکسل میں AutoSum بٹن کا مقصد منتخب کردہ سیلز کے تمام نمبروں کا مجموعہ (Add up) نکالنا ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

55📚💻 Computer KnowledgeDatabase Management & File Extensions

What is the file extension for a Microsoft Access database?

Explanation

Modern Microsoft Access database files (from Access 2007 onwards) use the default file extension `.accdb` (while legacy versions used `.mdb`).

مائیکروسافٹ ایکسیس ڈیٹا بیس فائل کی معیاری ایکسٹینشن `.accdb` ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

56📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Excel Formulas

In A3 cell edit =A1+A2 refers to

Explanation

Entering `=A1+A2` in cell A3 calculates the mathematical sum of the values in cells A1 and A2 and displays the calculated result in cell A3.

سیل A3 میں `=A1+A2` فارمولا درج کرنے سے A1 اور A2 کی رقم کا مجموعہ A3 میں ظاہر ہوگا۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

57📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Word Review & Collaboration

In Microsoft Word, what is the purpose of the "Track Changes" feature?

Explanation

Track Changes in Microsoft Word records and visually highlights all text insertions, deletions, formatting changes, and edits made by multiple reviewers/collaborators.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں Track Changes کا مقصد مختلف صارفین کی ترامیم اور تبدیلیوں کی نگرانی کرنا ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

58📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Word Shortcuts

Which of the following is the shortcut key to open a 'New Blank' document in MS-Word?

Explanation

In Microsoft Word (and Office suite), pressing

\text{Ctrl} + \text{N}

opens a new blank document window.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں نئی خالی دستاویز کھولنے کی شارٹ کٹ کی

\text{Ctrl} + \text{N}

ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

59📚💻 Computer KnowledgeKeyboard Shortcuts in Windows/Office

Match List - I with List - II
List - I (Command): i) Replace, ii) Insert Hyperlink, iii) Paste, iv) Cut
List - II (Shortcut keys): 1) Ctrl+K, 2) Ctrl+H, 3) Ctrl+X, 4) Ctrl+V

Explanation

Replace = Ctrl+H (i-2), Insert Hyperlink = Ctrl+K (ii-1), Paste = Ctrl+V (iii-4), Cut = Ctrl+X (iv-3). Correct match: i-2, ii-1, iii-4, iv-3.

کی بورڈ شارٹ کٹس کا درست ملاپ: i-2، ii-1، iii-4، iv-3 ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

60📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS PowerPoint Shortcuts

Match List - I with List - II
List - I (Key): i) F5, ii) Shift+F5, iii) Alt+F5, iv) Esc
List - II (Shortcut keys on PowerPoint): 1) Start presentation from beginning, 2) Start presentation from current slide, 3) Start presentation in presenter view, 4) End presentation

Explanation

F5 = Start from beginning (i-1), Shift+F5 = Start from current slide (ii-2), Alt+F5 = Presenter View (iii-3), Esc = End presentation (iv-4). Match: i-1, ii-2, iii-3, iv-4.

پاور پوائنٹ شارٹ کٹس کا درست ملاپ: i-1، ii-2، iii-3، iv-4 ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

61📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS PowerPoint Slide Master

Which of the following statements about MS Power Point's slide master features is NOT true?

Explanation

Statement C is NOT true because modifying the master slide fonts, theme colors, and background styles is one of the primary and most powerful functions of the Slide Master.

بیان C غلط ہے کیونکہ سلائیڈ ماسٹر کا بنیادی کام ہی تمام سلائیڈز کے فونٹس اور بیک گراؤنڈ کو تبدیل کرنا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

62📚🧮 Quantitative AptitudeSet Theory & Percentages

In a school 40% of the students play football and 50% play cricket. If 18% of the students neither play football nor cricket, the percentage of the students playing both is.

Explanation

Percentage playing at least one game

= 100\% - 18\% = 82\%

. Using union formula:

n(F \cup C) = n(F) + n(C) - n(F \cap C) \implies 82\% = 40\% + 50\% - n(F \cap C) \implies n(F \cap C) = 90\% - 82\% = 8\%

.

دونوں کھیل کھیلنے والے طلباء کا فیصد =

40 + 50 - (100 - 18) = 90 - 82 = 8\%

ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

63📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Excel Macros & VBA

\underline{\hspace{1.5cm}}

is the programming language used to write a Macro in MS Excel.

Explanation

Macros in Microsoft Excel are written and edited using VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) / VB Script.

ایم ایس ایکسل میں میکروز لکھنے کے لیے VBA / VB Script کا استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

64📚💻 Computer KnowledgeMS Excel Functions: COUNTIF

What is the function of =COUNTIF () in Excel?

Explanation

The `=COUNTIF(range, criteria)` statistical function in Excel counts the number of cells within a specified range that meet a given condition or criteria.

ایکسل کا `=COUNTIF()` فنکشن مخصوص شرط (Criteria) پر پورا اترنے والے سیلز کی گنتی کرتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments

65📚⚙️ Mechanical EngineeringIndustrial Engineering: Inventory Control (EOQ)

When the ordering cost is increased to 4 times, the economic order quantity (EOQ) will be increased to:

Explanation

Wilson's Economic Order Quantity formula:

EOQ = \sqrt{\frac{2 D S}{H}}

. If ordering cost

S

increases by a factor of 4:

EOQ' = \sqrt{\frac{2 D (4S)}{H}} = \sqrt{4} \times EOQ = 2 \times EOQ

.

آرڈرنگ لاگت 4 گنا بڑھنے پر اقتصادی آرڈر کی مقدار (EOQ)

\sqrt{4} = 2

گنا بڑھ جائے گی۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Public Works / Mechanical Engineering Department

66📚🧮 Quantitative AptitudeHCF and LCM

The HCF of two numbers is 11, and their LCM is 7700. If one of the numbers is 275, then the other number is

Explanation

Formula:

\text{Product of numbers} = \text{HCF} \times \text{LCM} \implies 275 \times N = 11 \times 7700 \implies N = \frac{11 \times 7700}{275} = \frac{84700}{275} = 308

.

دوسرا عدد =

\frac{11 \times 7700}{275} = 308

ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments

67📚🔬 General SciencePhysics: Lens Formula

An object is placed 10 cm from a diverging lens which forms an image 6.5 cm from the lens. What is the focal length of the lens?

Explanation

For a diverging (concave) lens: object distance

u = -10\text{ cm}

, virtual image distance

v = -6.5\text{ cm}

. Using lens formula:

\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{v} - \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{-6.5} - \frac{1}{-10} = -\frac{2}{13} + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{-20 + 13}{130} = -\frac{7}{130} \implies f = -\frac{130}{7} \approx -18.57\text{ cm} \approx -18.5\text{ cm}

.

لینز فارمولے سے فوکل لمبائی f = -18.5 سینٹی میٹر حاصل ہوتی ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments

68📚📜 Modern Indian HistoryEconomic Nationalism & Drain of Wealth

The theory of economic drain of India during British imperialism was propounded by

Explanation

Dadabhai Naoroji (the 'Grand Old Man of India') first formulated and popularized the 'Drain of Wealth' theory in his landmark book 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India' (1901).

ہندوستان سے دولت کی غیر ملکی منتقلی کا نظریہ (Drain of Wealth) دادا بھائی نوروجی نے پیش کیا۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments

69📚🔬 General ScienceChemistry: Chemical Formulas of Minerals

Which one of the following is the chemical formula of gypsum?

Explanation

Gypsum is hydrated calcium sulphate dihydrate with the chemical formula

\text{CaSO}_4\cdot 2\text{H}_2\text{O}

. (Plaster of Paris is the hemihydrate

\text{CaSO}_4\cdot \frac{1}{2}\text{H}_2\text{O}

).

جپسم کا کیمیائی فارمولا

\text{CaSO}_4\cdot 2\text{H}_2\text{O}

ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments

70📚💻 Computer KnowledgeSoftware Types: Word Processors vs Suites

Which of the following is NOT an example of word processing software?

Explanation

MS Office is a complete multi-program Office Productivity Suite (containing Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access), whereas Microsoft Word, LibreOffice Writer, and Google Docs are individual word processing applications.

MS Office ایک مکمل سافٹ ویئر سوٹ ہے، مخصوص ورڈ پروسیسنگ ایپلیکیشن نہیں ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments

71📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS OfficeMS PowerPoint Fundamentals

What is the term used for a single slide in a PowerPoint presentation?

Explanation

In Microsoft PowerPoint presentation software, an individual presentation page displayed on the screen is called a Slide.

پاور پوائنٹ پریزنٹیشن کے ایک صفحے کو سلائیڈ (Slide) کہا جاتا ہے۔

2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Department of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj

72📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS ExcelCell Referencing: Relative vs Absolute

In MS Excel, which of the following is an absolute cell reference?

Explanation

In Microsoft Excel, placing dollar signs before both the column letter and row number (

A

1) creates an Absolute Cell Reference that locks the coordinates during formula autofill.

ایم ایس ایکسل میں ایبسولیوٹ سیل ریفرنس کے لیے کا نشان (A\USD 1) استعمال ہوتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department

73📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS WordKeyboard Shortcuts: F7 Spell Check

In MS Word, which of the following shortcut key is used to check spelling?

Explanation

Function key F7 is the standard universal keyboard shortcut in Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) to open the Spelling and Grammar check dialog.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں املا اور گرامر چیک کرنے کے لیے شارٹ کٹ کی F7 ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department

74📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS WordTables in MS Word

What is the minimum number of rows and columns that a table in MS Word can have?

Explanation

A valid table in Microsoft Word requires at least one cell, which corresponds to a minimum of 1 row and 1 column.

ایم ایس ورڈ کے ٹیبل میں کم از کم 1 قطار اور 1 کالم (1 row and 1 column) ہو سکتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department

75📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS WordKeyboard Navigation & Selection Shortcuts

In MS Word, using CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys

Explanation

Pressing CTRL+SHIFT with Left/Right arrow keys selects/highlights text word by word; with Up/Down arrow keys it selects paragraph by paragraph.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں CTRL+SHIFT+Arrow دبا کر الفاظ یا پیراگراف کو ہائی لائٹ اور منتخب (Highlights text) کیا جاتا ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department

76📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS PowerPointPowerPoint Handouts Printing Options

In MS Power Point, the following is not an option when printing handouts?

Explanation

In Microsoft PowerPoint, the available handout layout options are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 9 slides per page. 'Five slides per page' is NOT a supported printing handout layout.

ایم ایس پاور پوائنٹ میں ہینڈ آؤٹ پرنٹنگ کے لیے '5 سلائیڈز فی صفحہ' کا آپشن موجود نہیں ہوتا۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department

77📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS PowerPointPowerPoint Shortcuts: Insert Slide

In MS Power Point, to insert a new slide in the current presentation, we press the following command.

Explanation

Ctrl + M is the shortcut key in PowerPoint to insert a New Slide into the current presentation. (Ctrl + N creates a brand new blank presentation file).

پاور پوائنٹ میں موجودہ پریزنٹیشن کے اندر نئی سلائیڈ شامل کرنے کے لیے شارٹ کٹ 'Ctrl + M' ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department

78📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS PowerPointSlide Setup and Page Orientation

What is the default page orientation for slides in MS Power Point?

Explanation

The default slide page orientation in Microsoft PowerPoint presentations is Landscape (horizontal 16:9 widescreen layout).

ایم ایس پاور پوائنٹ میں سلائیڈ کی ڈیفالٹ سمت لینڈ اسکیپ (Landscape) ہوتی ہے۔

2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department

79📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS PowerPointPowerPoint Components

MS Power Point presentation is a collection of

Explanation

A PowerPoint presentation file (.pptx) is an integrated document collection comprising display slides, printable audience handouts, presenter speaker notes, and text outlines. All of the above are components.

پاور پوائنٹ پریزنٹیشن سلائیڈز، ہینڈ آؤٹس، نوٹس اور آؤٹ لائنز سب کا مجموعہ ہے (All of the above)۔

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80📚🧩 Logical ReasoningNumber Series: Cubic Differences

Find the missing number in the series?
4, 18, ?, 100, 180, 294, 448

Explanation

Formula pattern:

n^3 - n^2 = n^2(n-1)

.
- For

n=2

:

2^3 - 2^2 = 8 - 4 = 4

- For

n=3

:

3^3 - 3^2 = 27 - 9 = 18

- For

n=4

:

4^3 - 4^2 = 64 - 16 = 48

- For

n=5

:

5^3 - 5^2 = 125 - 25 = 100

- For

n=6

:

6^3 - 6^2 = 216 - 36 = 180

- For

n=7

:

7^3 - 7^2 = 343 - 49 = 294

- For

n=8

:

8^3 - 8^2 = 512 - 64 = 448

Missing number is 48.

حسابی فارمولا:

n^3 - n^2

۔

n=4

کے لیے:

4^3 - 4^2 = 64 - 16 = 48

۔

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81📚🧮 Physics & Braking KinematicsBraking Distance Calculations

On a foggy day, two bus drivers spot each other traveling at

20\text{ m/sec}

and

10\text{ m/sec}

towards each other. Both apply brakes decelerating at

5\text{ m/s}^2

. What is the total combined distance covered by both buses before coming to a stop?

Explanation

Stopping distance formula

s = \frac{v^2}{2a}

:
- For Bus 1:

s_1 = \frac{20^2}{2(5)} = \frac{400}{10} = 40\text{ m}

- For Bus 2:

s_2 = \frac{10^2}{2(5)} = \frac{100}{10} = 10\text{ m}

Total combined stopping distance required

= 40 + 10 = 50\text{ meters}

.

دونوں بسوں کا رکنے کے لیے درکار مجموعی فاصلہ = \frac{20^2}{10} + \frac{10^2}{10} = 40 + 10 = 50 میٹر ہے۔

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82📚🧮 Physics: Kinetic EnergyKinetic Energy of Moving Vehicles

If a 1000 kg vehicle is moving at

10\text{ m/s}

, it has a kinetic energy of

Explanation

Kinetic energy formula

E_k = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 1000\text{ kg} \times (10\text{ m/s})^2 = 500 \times 100 = 50,000\text{ Joules}

.

حرکی توانائی = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 1000 \times 100 = 50,000 جول۔

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83📚💻 File SystemsFile Extensions: Plain Text

What type of file extension do Notepad text files use?

Explanation

Microsoft Notepad creates and saves unformatted plain text documents with the default file extension `.txt`.

نوٹ پیڈ کی فائل کا ڈیفالٹ ایکسٹینشن `.txt` ہوتا ہے۔

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84📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS ExcelExcel Grid Limits: Rows & Columns

What is the maximum row limit in a single worksheet of MS Excel 2019?

Explanation

Since Excel 2007 through Excel 2019/365, each worksheet supports exactly

1,048,576

rows (

2^{20}

) by

16,384

columns (

2^{14}

).

ایم ایس ایکسل میں قطاروں (Rows) کی زیادہ سے زیادہ حد 1,048,576 ہے۔

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85📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS PowerPointPowerPoint Shortcuts

Which shortcut key inserts a new slide into the current PowerPoint presentation?

Explanation

In Microsoft PowerPoint, pressing Ctrl + M immediately inserts a new blank slide into the current deck. (Ctrl + N creates a new presentation file).

پاور پوائنٹ میں نئی سلائیڈ شامل کرنے کا شارٹ کٹ 'Ctrl+M' ہے۔

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86📚🧮 Physics: KinematicsLinear Acceleration Formula ($a = \Delta v / \Delta t$)

A body of mass 10 kg is moving with a constant initial velocity of

+10\text{ m/s}

. When a constant force acts for 4 seconds on it, the body moves with a velocity of

2\text{ m/s}

in the opposite direction (

-2\text{ m/s}

). The acceleration produced is:

Explanation

Using kinematics:

u = +10\text{ m/s}

,

v = -2\text{ m/s}

,

t = 4\text{ s}

. Acceleration

a = \frac{v - u}{t} = \frac{-2 - 10}{4} = \frac{-12}{4} = -3\text{ m/s}^2

.

اسراع (Acceleration) کا حساب:

a = \frac{-2 - 10}{4} = -3\text{ m/s}^2

۔

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87📚🧩 Logical ReasoningRanking and Order Test

Sidharth ranks twenty-fifth (25th) from the bottom and ninth (9th) from the top in a class. How many students are there in the class?

Explanation

Total students formula

N = \text{Rank from Top} + \text{Rank from Bottom} - 1 = 9 + 25 - 1 = 33

.

طلباء کی کل تعداد =

9 + 25 - 1 = 33

ہے۔

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88📚🧮 Quantitative AptitudePercentages & Expenditure Invariance

If the price of a commodity is increased by 50%, by what fraction must its consumption be reduced so as to keep the expenditure unchanged?

Explanation

Reduction in consumption formula:

\text{Fraction} = \frac{r}{100 + r} = \frac{50}{100 + 50} = \frac{50}{150} = \frac{1}{3}

.

صرف میں کمی کا کسر

= \frac{50}{150} = \frac{1}{3}

ہے۔

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89📚💻 Computer Knowledge: MS ExcelExcel Keyboard Shortcuts: Column Selection

To select an entire column in Microsoft Excel, which keyboard shortcut is used?

Explanation

In MS Excel, pressing Ctrl + Spacebar selects the entire active column. (Pressing Shift + Spacebar selects the entire row).

ایکسل میں مکمل کالم منتخب کرنے کا شارٹ کٹ 'Ctrl + Spacebar' ہے۔

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90📚💻 MS PowerPointPowerPoint Slide Views

The PowerPoint view that displays only plain text (slide titles and main bullet points) without graphics is

Explanation

Outline View displays the slide text content in an outline format without showing images or design elements, ideal for fast editing.

آؤٹ لائن ویو (Outline View) صرف ٹیکسٹ اور بلٹ پوائنٹس کو ظاہر کرتا ہے۔

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91📚💻 MS PowerPointSlide Sorter View

Which PowerPoint view displays each slide of the presentation as a miniature thumbnail and is useful for rearranging slides?

Explanation

Slide Sorter View displays all presentation slides as horizontal thumbnail tiles, allowing easy reordering, deleting, and adding transition effects.

سلائیڈ سارٹر (Slide Sorter) ویو تمام سلائیڈز کو تھمب نیلز کے طور پر دکھاتا ہے۔

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92📚💻 MS ExcelExcel Comments and Cell Tips

In Microsoft Excel, informative pop-up notes or comments attached to specific cells are called

Explanation

In MS Excel, small yellow hover text pop-ups attached to cells are historically called Cell Tips or Cell Comments.

ایکسل میں سیل کے ساتھ لگائے جانے والے وضاحتی نوٹ کو سیل ٹپ (Cell Tip) کہتے ہیں۔

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93📚💻 MS ExcelCell Referencing: Relative vs Absolute

Which of the following represents an absolute cell reference in MS Excel formula syntax?

Explanation

An Absolute Cell Reference locks both column and row using dollar signs (`

A

1`), so the cell reference does not change when copied across formulas.

ایکسل میں ایبسولیوٹ سیل ریفرنس کا فارمیٹ `

A

1` ہے۔

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94📚👥 Sociology & Social InstitutionsSociological Theories: W.G. Sumner on Institutions

Which eminent sociologist defined a social institution as "a concept (idea, notion, doctrine, or interest) and a structure"?

Explanation

William Graham Sumner in his classic 1906 treatise Folkways famously formulated: "An institution consists of a concept (idea, notion, doctrine, or interest) and a structure."

ڈبلیو جی سمنر (W.G. Sumner) نے ادارے کی تعریف 'تصور اور ساخت' کے طور پر کی۔

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95📚👥 Sociology: InstitutionsNature of Social Institutions

Consider the following sociological statements:
a) Society is a system of social relationships while institutions are established rules of procedures.
b) Institutions are recognized and accepted by society.
c) Institutions govern relations between members of society.
d) Society represents the human aspect, while an institution is a social condition of conduct.
Which of the statements are correct?

Explanation

All four statements accurately represent the classical sociological distinction formulated by MacIver & Page between Society (the web of human relations) and Social Institutions (the established normative procedures and rules).

معاشرے اور سماجی اداروں کے تعلق کے بارے میں تمام چاروں بیانات (a, b, c, d) درست ہیں۔

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96📚👥 Social Psychology & TheoriesMajor Theories in Sociology and Psychology

Match the psychological/sociological theories with their theorists:
a) Field Theory — 2. Kurt Lewin
b) Social Exchange Theory — 1. George Homans
c) Psychosocial Development Theory — 3. Erik Erikson
d) Social Conflict Theory — 4. Lewis Coser

Explanation

Theories matching: Kurt Lewin developed Field Theory in social psychology (a-2); George C. Homans pioneered Social Exchange Theory (b-1); Erik Erikson formulated the 8 stages of Psychosocial Development (c-3); Lewis Coser advanced the functions of Social Conflict (d-4)

\implies

a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4.

نظریات کے ماہرین: کرٹ لیون (a-2)، جارج ہومنز (b-1)، ایرک ایرکسن (c-3)، لیوس کوزر (d-4)۔

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97📚⚖️ Indian Constitution & Criminal JusticeLandmark Judgments: D.K. Basu Guidelines

Mandatory guidelines and procedural safeguards governing the arrest and detention of individuals by police were laid down by the Supreme Court of India in which landmark case?

Explanation

In D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal (1997), the Supreme Court formulated 11 mandatory guidelines (including arrest memos, medical examinations, and informing relatives) to prevent custodial torture and unlawful detention.

گرفتاری اور حراست سے متعلق تاریخی رہنما اصول سپریم کورٹ نے ڈی کے باسو بنام مغربی بنگال کیس (1997) میں دیے۔

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98📚🧠 Child Development & PedagogyPiaget's Formal Operational Stage

According to Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, at which developmental stage do children acquire the capacity for abstract thinking, hypothetical deductive reasoning, and systematic problem solving?

Explanation

Piaget's 4th stage, the Formal Operational Stage (ages 11 and up), enables adolescents to think abstractly, reason hypothetically, and formulate deductive scientific logic.

پیاجے کے مطابق تجریدی اور منطقی سوچ کا ارتقاء فارمل آپریشنل مرحلے (Formal Operational Stage) میں ہوتا ہے۔

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99📚🧮 Quantitative AptitudeNumber Theory: Sum of Odd Numbers

What is the sum of all consecutive odd numbers up to 180?

Explanation

The odd numbers up to 180 are

1, 3, 5, ..., 179

. The number of odd terms

n = \frac{180}{2} = 90

. Formula for sum of first

n

odd numbers:

S_n = n^2 = 90^2 = 8100

.

180 تک طاق اعداد کی تعداد

n = 90

ہے۔ مجموعہ =

90^2 = 8100

ہے۔

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100📚💻 MS WordWord Keyboard Shortcuts

What does the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + I accomplish in Microsoft Word?

Explanation

In word processing, pressing Ctrl + I toggles Italic formatting on or off for the currently selected text.

ورڈ میں منتخب ٹیکسٹ کو ترچھا (Italic) کرنے کا شارٹ کٹ 'Ctrl + I' ہے۔

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101📚💻 MS WordCross-References & Bookmarks

Which of the following elements can be inserted as a Cross-Reference target in Microsoft Word?

Explanation

Cross-references in MS Word allow automated navigation to specific Bookmarks, Headings, Footnotes, Figures, and numbered items.

ایم ایس ورڈ میں کراس ریفرنس کے طور پر بُک مارکس (Bookmarks) اور ہیڈنگز شامل کیے جاتے ہیں۔

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102📚💻 MS ExcelFormula Referencing

What happens when you select a cell in MS Excel and type "=C19" followed by pressing Enter?

Explanation

Entering `=C19` creates a dynamic formula reference, causing the target cell to display whatever value is present in cell C19.

منتخب سیل میں وہی قیمت نظر آئے گی جو سیل C19 میں موجود ہے۔

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103📚💻 MS ExcelNumber Formatting: Accounting Style

In MS Excel, the Accounting number format displays negative numbers enclosed in

Explanation

The standard Accounting Number Format aligns currency symbols and encloses negative numeric values in Parentheses `( )` instead of a minus sign.

ایکسل کے اکاؤنٹنگ فارمیٹ میں منفی اعداد بریکٹس یا کوسین (Parentheses) میں دکھائے جاتے ہیں۔

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104📚💻 MS ExcelExcel Interface: Formula Bar

Which dedicated area in an MS Excel window allows typing, viewing, and editing data values and cell formulas?

Explanation

The Formula Bar (located directly above the worksheet grid) displays the underlying formula or text value of the active cell and allows editing.

فارمولا بار (Formula Bar) میں فارمولے اور قیمتیں درج و تبدیل کی جاتی ہیں۔

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105📚💻 MS Excel FundamentalsSpreadsheet Components: Cells

The rectangular intersection of a column and a row in a spreadsheet worksheet is called a

Explanation

A Cell is the fundamental building block in a spreadsheet created by the intersection of a vertical column and a horizontal row (e.g., A1, B5).

قطار اور کالم کے درمیانی خانے کو سیل (Cell) کہا جاتا ہے۔

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106📚💻 MS ExcelExcel Keyboard Commands: Escape Key

In MS Excel, if you begin typing an entry into a cell and then realize you want to cancel and discard your entry, which key should you press?

Explanation

Pressing the Escape (Esc) key immediately cancels cell editing mode and restores the cell to its original state without committing changes.

سیل میں ٹائپنگ منسوخ کرنے کے لیے 'Esc' کی دبائی جاتی ہے۔

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107📚💻 MS PowerPointAnimations and Motion Paths

In Microsoft PowerPoint, 'Ellipse Motion' is a predefined type of

Explanation

In PowerPoint, Ellipse Motion is a predefined custom Motion Path Animation that guides an object along an elliptical trajectory.

پاور پوائنٹ میں ایلیپس موشن اینیمیشن اور موشن پاتھ (Animation scheme) کی قسم ہے۔

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108📚💻 MS PowerPointSlide Transitions vs Animations

In Microsoft PowerPoint, special visual effects used to introduce and transition between slides during a presentation are called

Explanation

Slide Transitions are the motion effects that occur when moving from one slide to the next during a full Slide Show.

ایک سلائیڈ سے دوسری سلائیڈ پر جاتے وقت ظاہر ہونے والے اثرات کو سلائیڈ ٹرانزیشنز (Slide transitions) کہتے ہیں۔

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109📚💻 MS PowerPointPage Setup & Printing Orientations

In Microsoft PowerPoint, what is the default page setup orientation for Notes Pages, Outlines, and Handouts?

Explanation

While presentation slides default to Landscape orientation, Notes Pages, Outlines, and Handouts default to Portrait orientation for printable letter formats.

پاور پوائنٹ میں نوٹس اور ہینڈ آؤٹس کی ڈیفالٹ اورینٹیشن پورٹریٹ (Portrait) ہوتی ہے۔

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110📚💻 MS PowerPointPowerPoint Templates

Pre-designed slide formats, colour palettes, and typography styles created to maintain presentation consistency are known as

Explanation

A PowerPoint Template (`.potx`) is a pre-designed pattern or blueprint of a slide containing layouts, theme colors, theme fonts, and background styles.

پاور پوائنٹ میں پہلے سے بنے ہوئے ڈیزائن اور تھیم کے نمونے کو ٹیمپلیٹ (Template) کہا جاتا ہے۔

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111📚🔬 Physics & Modern ScienceEinstein's Theory of Relativity

Who formulated the revolutionary Special and General Theories of Relativity in modern physics?

Explanation

Albert Einstein proposed the Special Theory of Relativity in 1905 (

E = mc^2

) and the General Theory of Relativity in 1915.

نظریہ اضافیت (Theory of Relativity) البرٹ آئن سٹائن نے پیش کیا تھا۔

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112📚🧮 Quantitative AptitudeCompound Interest: Growth Factor

A principal sum becomes 27 times its original value in 3 years when compounded annually at a certain rate of interest. Calculate the annual interest rate.

Explanation

Compound interest formula:

A = P(1 + r)^3 = 27P \implies (1 + r)^3 = 27 = 3^3 \implies 1 + r = 3 \implies r = 2 = 200\%

.

سالانہ شرح سود

= (3 - 1) \times 100 = 200\%

ہے۔

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113📚🧮 Geometry & MensurationHeron's Formula for Triangle Area

Triangle ABC is inscribed in a circle with centre O. If

AB = 17\text{ cm}

,

BC = 10\text{ cm}

, and

AC = 9\text{ cm}

, find the area of triangle ABC.

Explanation

Using Heron's formula: Semi-perimeter

s = \frac{17 + 10 + 9}{2} = 18\text{ cm}

.

\text{Area} = \sqrt{s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)} = \sqrt{18(18 - 17)(18 - 10)(18 - 9)} = \sqrt{18 \times 1 \times 8 \times 9} = \sqrt{1296} = 36\text{ cm}^2

.

ہیرون کے فارمولے سے مثلث کا رقبہ

= \sqrt{18 \times 1 \times 8 \times 9} = 36\text{ cm}^2

ہے۔

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114📚🧮 Quantitative AptitudeSuccessive Discounts Formula

Find a single discount equivalent to two successive discounts of 10% and 20%.

Explanation

Formula for equivalent single discount:

D = d_1 + d_2 - \frac{d_1 d_2}{100} = 10 + 20 - \frac{10 \times 20}{100} = 30 - 2 = 28\%

.

10% اور 20% کے پے در پے ڈسکاؤنٹ کا واحد مساوی ڈسکاؤنٹ

= 28\%

ہے۔

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115📚Quantitative Aptitude & Basic MathematicsTrue Discount & Commercial Mathematics

The true discount on Rs. 1800 due after a certain time at 10% per annum is Rs. 200. The time after which it is due is:

Explanation

Present Worth (PW):

\text{PW} = \text{Amount} - \text{True Discount} = 1800 - 200 = 1600

Using the formula

\text{TD} = \frac{\text{PW} \times R \times T}{100}

:

200 = \frac{1600 \times 10 \times T}{100} = 160T

T = \frac{200}{160} = \frac{5}{4}\text{ years} = \frac{5}{4} \times 12 = 15\text{ months}.

वर्तमान मूल्य

(\text{PW}) = 1800 - 200 = 1600

रुपये।

\text{TD} = \frac{\text{PW} \times R \times T}{100} \implies 200 = \frac{1600 \times 10 \times T}{100} = 160T

T = \frac{200}{160} = \frac{5}{4} वर्ष = 15 महीने।

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116📚Quantitative Aptitude & Basic MathematicsSimple and Compound Interest

The difference between simple interest and compound interest (interest is compounded half yearly) on a sum at the rate of 25% per annum for one year is Rs. 4,575. What will be the principal?

Explanation

For half-yearly compounding over 1 year:
- Number of conversion periods

n = 2

- Rate per half-year

r = \frac{25}{2}\% = 12.5\% = \frac{1}{8}

Difference formula for 2 periods:

\text{Diff} = P \left(\frac{r}{100}\right)^2 = P \left(\frac{1}{8}\right)^2 = \frac{P}{64}

Given

\text{Diff} = 4575

:

P = 4575 \times 64 = 292,800\text{ Rs}.

अर्धवार्षिक दर

r = 12.5\% = \frac{1}{8}

(2 अवधियाँ)।
अंतर = P \times (\frac{1}{8})^2 = \frac{P}{64} = 4575 रुपये
P = 4575 \times 64 = 2,92,800 रुपये।

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117📚Knowledge of Computers & IT ApplicationsMS Word & Keyboard Shortcuts

Which of the following is the correct shortcut key combination for the "Find and Replace" feature in MS Word?

Explanation

In Microsoft Word, 'Ctrl + H' directly opens the 'Find and Replace' tab of the Navigation/Find dialog box. (Ctrl + F opens Find, Ctrl + R aligns right).

MS Word में 'ढूंढें और बदलें' (Find and Replace) के लिए शॉर्टकट कुंजी 'Ctrl + H' होती है।

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118📚Knowledge of Computers & IT ApplicationsSystem vs Application Software

Which of the following is an application software?
I. Unix
II. Mac OS
III. MS Office

Choose the correct Answer:

Explanation

Unix and Mac OS are System Software (Operating Systems). MS Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) is an Application Software designed for end-user productivity tasks. Thus, III only is correct.

यूनिक्स (Unix) और मैक ओएस (Mac OS) ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम (सिस्टम सॉफ्टवेयर) हैं, जबकि एमएस ऑफिस (MS Office) एक एप्लिकेशन सॉफ्टवेयर है। अतः केवल III सही है।

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119📚Quantitative Aptitude & Basic MathematicsPercentages & Compound Growth

If the population of a town increases by 12% annually, what will be the population after 5 years if the current population is 50,000?

Explanation

Compound population formula:

P_5 = P_0 \times (1 + r)^n = 50000 \times (1.12)^5

.

(1.12)^5 \approx 1.76234168

.

P_5 = 50000 \times 1.76234168 \approx 88,117

.

जनसंख्या वृद्धि सूत्र:

50000 \times (1 + 0.12)^5 = 50000 \times 1.76234 \approx 88,117

।

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120📚General Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)Chemical Compounds & Daily Life Chemistry

What is the chemical formula for table salt?

Explanation

Common table salt is composed of Sodium Chloride, represented by the chemical formula NaCl (an ionic lattice of

Na^+

and

Cl^-

ions).

साधारण नमक (सोडियम क्लोराइड) का रासायनिक सूत्र NaCl होता है।

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121📚Clinical Psychology & Psychological DisordersSolution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT)

Which of the following are key techniques in solution-focused brief therapy?
1. Miracle questioning
2. Role reversal
3. Exaggeration
4. Exception questions
5. Formula first session task

Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT, Steve de Shazer & Insoo Kim Berg) is defined by: (1) The Miracle Question, (4) Exception Questions, and (5) Formula First Session Task. (Role reversal and exaggeration are Gestalt/Psychodrama techniques). Thus, 1, 4 and 5 only are correct.

सॉल्यूशन-फोकस्ड ब्रीफ थेरेपी (SFBT) की मुख्य तकनीकें: मिरेकल क्वेश्चन (1), एक्सेप्शन क्वेश्चन (4), और फॉर्मूला फर्स्ट सेशन टास्क (5)। अतः 1, 4 और 5 सही हैं।

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122📚Electrical Measuring InstrumentsRange Extension of Ammeters

A DC ammeter has a resistance of 0.2 Ω and its current range is 0 - 50 A. If the range is to be extended to 0 - 250 A, then the meter requires the following shunt resistance:

Explanation

Multiplying power of shunt

m = \frac{I}{I_m} = \frac{250\text{ A}}{50\text{ A}} = 5

.
Required shunt resistance:

R_{sh} = \frac{R_m}{m - 1} = \frac{0.2\ \Omega}{5 - 1} = \frac{0.2}{4} = 0.05\ \Omega.

गुणक

m = \frac{250}{50} = 5

।
आवश्यक शंट प्रतिरोध

R_{sh} = \frac{0.2}{5 - 1} = \frac{0.2}{4} = 0.05\ \Omega

।

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123📚Knowledge of Computers & IT ApplicationsMicrosoft Word & Document Formatting

In MS Word, which feature allows you to apply the same formatting to multiple sections?

Explanation

Format Painter (or Style Templates) allows users to copy font styles, margins, colors, and paragraph formatting from selected text and paste it onto other text sections.

MS Word में 'फॉर्मेट पेंटर' (Format Painter) एक स्थान की फॉर्मेटिंग को कॉपी करके अन्य टेक्स्ट पर लागू करने की सुविधा देता है।

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124📚Knowledge of Computers & IT ApplicationsMicrosoft Excel & Data Analysis (Pivot Tables)

What function does the 'Pivot Table' serve in MS Excel?

Explanation

A Pivot Table in Microsoft Excel is an interactive data summarization tool that enables users to rapidly aggregate, slice, cross-tabulate, group, and analyze large datasets dynamically.

MS Excel में पिवट टेबल (Pivot Table) बड़े डेटासेट को गतिशील रूप से सारांशित (Summarize), समूहीकृत और विश्लेषित करने का एक शक्तिशाली उपकरण है।

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125📚Web Technologies & Internet ProtocolsIPv6 Architecture & Features

Which of the following statements about IPv6 are correct?
1. IPv6 uses a 128-bit address
2. IPv6 supports header extensions for additional information
3. IPv6 has a checksum in the header
4. IPv6 supports multicast addressing

Choose the correct options:

Explanation

Statements 1, 2, and 4 are correct. Statement 3 is false because IPv6 completely eliminated the header checksum field to accelerate routing throughput and avoid recalculation at every hop. Thus, 1, 2, and 4 are correct.

कथन 1, 2 और 4 सही हैं। कथन 3 गलत है क्योंकि IPv6 हेडर में चेकसम (Checksum) को हटा दिया गया है ताकि रूटिंग तेज हो सके। अतः 1, 2 और 4 सही हैं।

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126📚Radiotherapy Physics & Radiation OncologyDecay Constant Formula

The half-life of radionuclide is 77 days, then its decay constant is:

Explanation

Decay constant:

\lambda = \frac{\ln 2}{T_{1/2}} = \frac{0.69315}{77\text{ days}} \approx 0.009\text{ day}^{-1}.

क्षय स्थिरांक

\lambda = \frac{0.693}{77} \approx 0.009/\text{day}

।

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127📚Radiological Physics & Imaging TechnologyAcoustic Impedance Formula

Acoustic impedance is defined as:

Explanation

Specific acoustic impedance (

Z

) is defined as the product of the physical density of the medium (

\rho

) and the speed of sound propagation in that medium (

c

):

Z = \rho \cdot c

(measured in Rayls).

ध्वनिक प्रतिबाधा (Acoustic impedance) माध्यम के घनत्व (

\rho

) और ध्वनि की गति (

c

) का गुणनफल होती है:

Z = \rho c

।

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128📚Radiological Physics & Imaging TechnologyUltrasound Pulse-Echo Distance Formula

Bone thickness is equal to:

Explanation

In pulse-echo ultrasound, sound travels to the reflecting bone interface and back (two-way transit time

\Delta t

). The one-way anatomical thickness is

d = \frac{c \cdot \Delta t}{2}

.

पल्स-इको अल्ट्रासाउंड में परावर्तन समय

\Delta t

के लिए दूरी का सूत्र

d = \frac{c \cdot \Delta t}{2}

होता है।

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129📚Radiotherapy Treatment Planning & TechniquesSterling's Equivalent Square Field Formula

What is the equivalent square of a 5×20 cm2 rectangular field?

Explanation

According to Sterling's formula for equivalent square field (

S_{eq}

):

S_{eq} = \frac{4 \times \text{Area}}{\text{Perimeter}} = \frac{4 \times (a \times b)}{2(a + b)} = \frac{2 \times a \times b}{a + b}

For

a = 5\text{ cm}

and

b = 20\text{ cm}

:

S_{eq} = \frac{2 \times 5 \times 20}{5 + 20} = \frac{200}{25} = 8.0\text{ cm}.

स्टर्लिंग सूत्र के अनुसार तुल्य वर्गाकार क्षेत्र (Equivalent Square):
S = \frac{2 \times a \times b}{a + b} = \frac{2 \times 5 \times 20}{5 + 20} = \frac{200}{25} = 8.0 cm।

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📝 Solved Questions on MS Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) & Shortcut Keys (129)