J&K General KnowledgeGeneral Knowledge with special reference to UT of J&K

Climate, Soils and Crops of J&K

Climatic zones of J&K (sub-tropical Jammu, temperate Kashmir, cold arid Ladakh), geological soil formations (Karewa soils of Kashmir, alluvial soils of Jammu plains), agricultural crop patterns (Rabi, Kharif), world-famous Kashmiri saffron cultivation (GI Tag), and horticulture exports (Apples, Walnuts, Almonds).

SOLVED MCQS
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📝 Solved Questions on Climate, Soils and Crops of J&K (140)

Start Timed Test (140 Qs)Self-Paced Practice
1📚🌍 General AwarenessCurrent Affairs
Arrange the following events of 2023 in chronological order:

- a. G20 Summit in India
- b. ICC World Cup Final 2023
- c. Launch of Chandrayaan 3
- d. COP28 climate summit in Dubai
Explanation
The chronological order is: Launch of Chandrayaan 3 (July 14, 2023), G20 Summit in New Delhi (September 9-10, 2023), ICC World Cup Final (November 19, 2023), and COP28 Summit in Dubai (November 30, 2023). This matches sequence: c, a, b, d.
سال 2023 کے واقعات کی ترتیب: چندریان 3 لانچ (جولائی 2023)، جی 20 سمٹ (ستمبر 2023)، ورلڈ کپ فائنل (نومبر 19، 2023)، اور COP28 دبئی (نومبر 30، 2023)۔ ترتیب: c, a, b, d۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department
2📚🗺️ GeographyAgriculture
Consider the following statements regarding Rabi crops:

- a. Rabi crops are sowed between October and November.
- b. Rabi crops require a lot of water.
- c. Rabi crops need warm weather for growth.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Explanation
Statement a is correct. Rabi crops (winter crops) are sown in October-November and harvested in spring. Statements b and c are incorrect because Kharif crops require a lot of water and warm weather, whereas Rabi crops require cool climates.
صرف بیان 'a' درست ہے۔ ربیع (سردیوں کی) فصلیں اکتوبر نومبر میں بوئی جاتی ہیں۔ بیان b اور c غلط ہیں کیونکہ ربیع فصلوں کو زیادہ پانی اور گرمی کی ضرورت نہیں ہوتی۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department
3📚🧾 AccountsTaxation (GST)
Which of the following is/are included in the definition of "Goods" as defined under section 2(52) of the CGST Act, 2017?
Explanation
Section 2(52) of the CGST Act, 2017 defines 'goods' to exclude money and securities but specifically includes actionable claims, growing crops, grass, etc.
جی ایس ٹی ایکٹ کی دفعہ 2(52) کے تحت 'اشیاء' (goods) کی تعریف میں منی اور سیکیورٹیز شامل نہیں ہیں، لیکن ایکشن ایبل کلیم (Actionable claim) شامل ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department
4📚💻 ComputerCloud Computing
Which of the following cloud storage services is owned by Microsoft?
Explanation
OneDrive is the proprietary cloud storage service owned and operated by Microsoft. iCloud belongs to Apple, and Google Drive belongs to Google.
ون ڈرائیو (One drive) مائیکروسافٹ کا کلاؤڈ اسٹوریج پلیٹ فارم ہے، جبکہ گوگل ڈرائیو گوگل کی ملکیت ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB💰 Finance Department
5📚🔬 Forensic ScienceForensic Physics
Examination of soil is carried out in which of the following forensic science laboratory divisions?
Explanation
Forensic examination of soil, glass, paint, and fibers is typically handled by the Physics (or Trace Evidence) division of the Forensic Science Laboratory.
مٹی (soil)، شیشہ، پینٹ اور ریشوں کا فارنسک تجزیہ عام طور پر فارنسک سائنس لیبارٹری کے فزکس (Physics) یعنی طبیعیات کے شعبے میں کیا جاتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
6📚🔬 Forensic ScienceCrime Scene Management
Which of the following is an example of trace evidence found on a crime scene?
Explanation
Trace evidence refers to microscopic physical evidence transferred during a crime, such as fibers, hair, soil, or glass fragments.
ٹریس شواہد (Trace evidence) سے مراد انتہائی چھوٹے یا خوردبینی شواہد ہیں، جیسے کہ کوئی دھاگہ یا ریشہ (Fiber) جو جائے وقوعہ پر پایا جائے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
7📚🔬 Forensic ScienceForensic Entomology
Which of the following statements are TRUE?

i. Insect colonisation occurs slower if body is completely burnt.
ii. Insect colonisation is influenced by the biogeoclimatic zone
iii. Exposure to sunlight causes faster depletion of resources by the insects.
Explanation
All statements are true: Charring limits/slows early fly colonization (i); different climate zones affect insect species (ii); and sunlight speeds up larval metabolism and carcass depletion (iii).
تینوں بیانات درست ہیں: جلی ہوئی لاش پر کیڑوں کا حملہ آہستہ ہوتا ہے (i)؛ مختلف آب و ہوا کے زون کیڑوں کے حملے پر اثر انداز ہوتے ہیں (ii)؛ اور دھوپ میں کیڑے تیزی سے وسائل کو ختم کرتے ہیں (iii)۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
8📚🔬 Forensic ScienceForensic Entomology
Arrange the sequence of steps you will perform as a forensic entomologist in an outdoor crime scene:

i. Collection of live adult flies
ii. Collection of soil temperatures under the body after its removal
iii. Photography, notations of the overall crime scene from a safe distance
iv. Collection of insects on the body
Explanation
First photograph the scene (iii), catch flying adult insects before they disperse (i), collect crawling insects/maggots from the remains (iv), and lastly collect soil temperatures beneath the body once it is moved (ii).
صحیح ترتیب: جائے وقوعہ کی دور سے تصویر کشی (iii) -> اڑنے والے کیڑوں کو پکڑنا (i) -> لاش پر موجود رینگنے والے کیڑے جمع کرنا (iv) -> لاش ہٹانے کے بعد مٹی کا درجہ حرارت لینا (ii)۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
9📚🔬 Forensic ScienceForensic Botany
During processing of pollen samples from soil, what is the chemical used to remove silica?
Explanation
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is used in palynology to dissolve silicate minerals and release pollen grains from soil/sediment samples.
مٹی سے پولن (pollen) کے نمونے الگ کرنے کے عمل میں، مٹی میں موجود سلیکا (silica) کو گھولنے کے لیے ہائیڈروفلورک ایسڈ (HF) کا استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
10📚🔬 Forensic ScienceForensic Entomology
What is the most accurate way of storing live larval samples for entomological identification?
Explanation
Rearing live larvae to adults is the most accurate way to identify species. Rearing requires placing them in a container with a pupation medium (like soil or sawdust) and meat/food wrapped in foil or a pouch to keep it fresh.
کیڑوں کی درست شناخت کے لیے انہیں زندہ پال کر بڑا کرنا سب سے بہترین طریقہ ہے، جس کے لیے مٹی اور خوراک والے ہوادار ڈبے (Option D) کا استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
11📚⚗️ ChemistryToxicology
Smell of bitter almonds is seen in poisoning with
Explanation
Hydrocyanic acid (cyanide) poisoning is classically recognized by a characteristic smell of bitter almonds from the breath or tissues.
ہائیڈرو سائینک ایسڈ یا سائینائڈ (Hydrocyanic acid) کے زہر سے مرنے والے شخص کی لاش سے کڑوے بادام (bitter almonds) جیسی بو آتی ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
12📚🛡️ Cyber ForensicsCyber Attacks
_____ are piece of programs or scripts that allow hackers to take control over any system.
Explanation
Exploits are code, scripts, or programs written by hackers that take advantage of specific software or hardware vulnerabilities to compromise and gain unauthorized control over a target system.
وہ پروگرام یا اسکرپٹس جن کے ذریعے ہیکرز کسی سسٹم کی خامی کا فائدہ اٹھا کر اس پر کنٹرول حاصل کرتے ہیں، ایکسپلوئٹس (Exploits) کہلاتے ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
13📚🛡️ Cyber ForensicsCybersecurity Tools
Which of the following is a session hijacking tool?
Explanation
T-Sight is a commercial security and network sniffing utility used for session hijacking and active monitoring. Wireshark is a packet analyzer, Maltego is OSINT, and Nessus is a vulnerability scanner.
ٹی-سائٹ (T-Sight) ایک مشہور سیشن ہائی جیکنگ اور نیٹ ورک مانیٹرنگ ٹول ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
14📚🛡️ Cyber ForensicsCloud Security
Which of the following is the standard for interoperable cloud-based key management?
Explanation
KMIP (Key Management Interoperability Protocol) is a standard developed by OASIS to ensure interoperability between key management servers and clients.
کلاؤڈ میں کیز (Keys) کے انتظام کے لیے متفقہ پروٹوکول کے ایم آئی پی (KMIP) ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
15📚🔬 Forensic ScienceForensic Physics
Examination of tire marks is carried out in which of the following divisions of forensic science laboratory?
Explanation
Physical evidence such as tire marks, tool marks, glass fractures, soil, and fiber comparisons are typically analyzed in the Physics Division of a forensic science laboratory.
ٹائر کے نشانات، اوزاروں کے نشانات، اور شیشے کے ٹوٹنے کے نمونوں کا تجزیہ عام طور پر فارنزک سائنس لیبارٹری کے فزکس ڈویژن (Physics division) میں کیا جاتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
16📚🔬 Forensic ScienceCounterfeit Detection
Which of the following features are examined while detecting counterfeiting in currency notes?
1. Microprinting
2. Watermark
3. Optical fibres
4. OVI (optical variable ink)
5. Signature of the governor
Explanation
To verify banknotes, examiners check all security features including microprinting, watermarks, fluorescent optical fibers, Optically Variable Ink (OVI), and the details of the governor's signature.
جعلی نوٹوں کی شناخت کے لیے یہ تمام سیکیورٹی فیچرز دیکھے جاتے ہیں: باریک چھپائی (microprinting)، واٹر مارک، فلوروسینٹ آپٹیکل فائبر، رنگ بدلنے والی روشنائی (OVI)، اور گورنر کے دستخط۔ یعنی تمام 1، 2، 3، 4، 5 درست ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
17📚⚗️ ChemistryLocard Principle
Locard's exchange principle can be applied to all of the following except
Explanation
Locard's Exchange Principle states that 'every contact leaves a trace' (transfer of physical material like fibers, tool marks, and soil). Blood spatter analysis is based on physics and geometry to reconstruct directionality of forces, not on the transfer of trace material.
لوکارڈ کے اصول کے مطابق 'ہر رابطہ ایک نشان چھوڑتا ہے' (جیسے فائبر، مٹی، یا ٹول مارکس کا منتقل ہونا)۔ خون کے چھینٹوں کے نمونے کا تجزیہ (blood spatter) طبیعیات اور ہندسیہ پر مبنی ہے، جو لوکارڈ کے تبادلے کے اصول کے دائرے میں نہیں آتا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
18📚⚛️ PhysicsHPLC Columns
Following column packing materials are available in HPLC:
Explanation
HPLC columns can utilize various packing materials: microporous particles (porous throughout), pellicular particles (solid core with porous outer layer), or chemically bonded phases (stationary phase covalently bound to silica). Therefore, all are available.
ایچ پی ایل سی (HPLC) کالموں کی بھرائی کے لیے مائیکرو پورس، پیلیکولر اور بانڈڈ فیز، یہ تمام مٹیریل کثرت سے دستیاب ہوتے ہیں۔ اس لیے جواب 'اوپر کے تمام' (All of the above) ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
19📚🔬 Forensic ScienceSoil Analysis
The colour of soil is mainly determined by its:
Explanation
The color of soil is primarily determined by its mineral composition (especially iron and manganese oxides) and organic matter content, but mineralogy is the fundamental component in soil classification (Munsell system).
مٹی کا رنگ بنیادی طور پر اس میں موجود معدنیات کی ترکیب (Mineral composition) جیسے لوہے اور مینگنیز کے آکسائیڈز سے طے ہوتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
20📚🔬 Forensic ScienceSoil Analysis
In forensic investigations, what can be observed through microscopic examination of soil particles?
Explanation
Microscopic analysis of soil allows forensic scientists to identify specific mineral grains, biological remnants (pollen, diatoms), plant debris, and other organic/inorganic materials that are highly characteristic of a location.
خوردبین کے ذریعے مٹی کے ذرات کا معائنہ کرنے سے اس میں موجود مخصوص معدنیات اور نامیاتی مادوں (Presence of minerals and organic matter) کا پتا چلتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
21📚🔬 Forensic ScienceSoil Analysis
A crime scene investigation involves a suspicious package found buried in beach soil. Forensic experts are called to analyse the soil for potential evidence. Upon initial analysis, the forensic team identifies the presence of shell fragments in the beach
Explanation
The presence of shell fragments and beach sand characteristics in the soil indicates a coastal environment, linking the package to a shoreline or beach location.
مٹی میں صدف یا سیپیوں کے ٹکڑوں (shell fragments) کی موجودگی براہِ راست ساحلی ماحول (Coastal environment) کی نشاندہی کرتی ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
22📚⚛️ PhysicsAtomic Emission Spectroscopy
A scientist is comparing inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) for analysing metal content in soil samples. Given the challenges involved in soil sample, how can they be addressed
Explanation
Soil samples contain complex geological matrices. In ICP-AES, these cause significant physical, chemical, and ionization matrix effects, which must be addressed using internal standards or matrix-matched calibrations.
مٹی کے نمونوں کے پیچیدہ میٹرکس کی وجہ سے آئی سی پی-اے ای ایس (ICP-AES) میں میٹرکس اثرات (Matrix effects) پیدا ہوتے ہیں جنہیں حل کرنا لازمی ہوتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
23📚⚛️ PhysicsImpression Evidence
For the preservation of tire marks on soft soil, the best way is
Explanation
Three-dimensional tire tracks in soft soil must be documented via scaled photography and preserved by pouring dental stone to create a physical cast.
نرم مٹی پر ٹائروں کے نشانات کو محفوظ کرنے کا سب سے بہتر طریقہ ان کی پیمائشی تصویر لینا اور کاسٹنگ (Photo and Casting - سانچہ بنانا) ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
24📚🔬 Forensic ScienceSoil Analysis
Which size of soil partial is termed as clay?
Explanation
In soil texture classification, clay particles are defined as having a diameter of less than 0.002 mm (or < 2 micrometers).
مٹی کی بناوٹ میں کلے (clay) سے مراد وہ ذرات ہیں جن کا قطر 0.002mm سے چھوٹا ہو۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🔬 Home Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
25📚🗺️ GeographyJ&K Geography
Kerewa Soils is best for Growing?
Explanation
Karewa soils (lacustrine deposits found in the Kashmir Valley) are famous for saffron (Zafran) cultivation due to their unique composition and drainage qualities.
کشمیر کی وادی میں پائی جانے والی کریوا مٹی (Karewa Soils) زعفران (Saffron) کی کاشت کے لیے دنیا بھر میں بہترین مانی جاتی ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌲 Forest Ecology and Environment Department
26📚🗺️ GeographyJ&K Geography
Pampore uplands, locally called 'wudar' in Sri Nagar, Jammu and Kashmir are a great source of revenue from which among the following?
Explanation
The Pampore uplands (known locally as 'wudar' or Karewas) in Kashmir are the primary saffron-growing areas, generating significant economic revenue through agriculture.
سرینگر کے قریب پامپور کی بالائی زمینیں (جنہیں مقامی طور پر 'وڈار' کہا جاتا ہے) زعفران (Saffron) کی پیداوار کا بڑا مرکز ہیں اور آمدنی کا اہم ذریعہ ہیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌲 Forest Ecology and Environment Department
27📚🗺️ GeographyIndian Climate
The reason for Rajasthan being deficient in rainfall is
Explanation
The Aravalli Range lies parallel to the direction of the Arabian Sea branch of the southwest monsoon winds, providing no physical barrier to block the winds and cause them to rise and cool down for rain.
راجستھان میں بارش کی کمی کی وجہ یہ ہے کہ وہاں پہاڑی سلسلے (Aravalli Range) ہواؤں کے متوازی ہیں، جس سے ہواؤں کو اوپر اٹھنے اور ٹھنڈا ہونے کا موقع نہیں ملتا۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌲 Forest Ecology and Environment Department
28📚🌍 General AwarenessBooks and Authors
Match the following famous books with their authors:

- i) Geetanjali: 1) Abul Fazal
- ii) Akbar-Nama: 2) Kalidas
- iii) Abhigyan Shakuntalam: 3) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
- iv) Discovery of India: 4) Rabindra Nath Tagore
Explanation
Geetanjali was written by Rabindranath Tagore (i-4), Akbar-Nama by Abul Fazal (ii-1), Abhigyan Shakuntalam by Kalidas (iii-2), and Discovery of India by Jawaharlal Nehru (iv-3).
گیتا نجلی کے مصنف رابندر ناتھ ٹیگور ہیں (i-4)، اکبر نامہ کے ابوالفضل (ii-1)، ابھگیان شکنتلم کے کالیداس (iii-2)، اور ڈسکوری آف انڈیا کے جواہر لال نہرو (iv-3) ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB👮 Home Department (Police)
29📚🌍 General AwarenessAwards
In which year did the first Indian receive a Nobel Prize and in which field was it Awarded?
Explanation
Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian to receive a Nobel Prize. He won it in 1913 in the field of Literature for his work 'Gitanjali'.
رابندر ناتھ ٹیگور پہلے ہندوستانی تھے جنہیں 1913 میں ادب (Geetanjali) کے شعبے میں نوبل انعام ملا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB👮 Home Department (Police)
30📚🗺️ GeographyAgriculture
Which of the following statements regarding crops growing season are NOT correct?
Explanation
Statement C is incorrect because Zaid crops are short summer crops grown mainly in the months of March to June, between the Rabi and Kharif seasons, rather than during the winter months.
بیان C غلط ہے کیونکہ زائد (Zaid) فصلیں موسم گرما (مارچ سے جون) کے دوران اگائی جاتی ہیں نہ کہ سردیوں کے مہینوں میں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB👮 Home Department (Police)
31📚📝 EnglishError Spotting
In this question, the sentence is broken into four parts. Find out the error part in the sentence from the given options and mark your answer.

Yesterday, the wild animal destroyed (a)/ crops at a nascent stage (b)/ and cause huge losses (c)/ to the farmers (d).
Explanation
The error is in part (c). Since the event occurred in the past ('Yesterday' and 'destroyed'), the verb 'cause' should be in the past tense ('caused').
غلطی حصہ (c) میں ہے۔ چونکہ جملہ ماضی کا ہے ('Yesterday' اور 'destroyed')، اس لیے 'cause' کی جگہ ماضی کا صیغہ 'caused' ہونا چاہیے تھا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB👮 Home Department (Police)
32📚🌍 General AwarenessAwards
Who was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize?
Explanation
Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian and non-European to receive the Nobel Prize, awarded in Literature in 1913 for his poetry collection 'Gitanjali'.
رابندر ناتھ ٹیگور پہلے ہندوستانی اور غیر یورپی شخص تھے جنہیں 1913 میں ان کے شعری مجموعے 'گیتا نجلی' کے لیے ادب کا نوبل انعام ملا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB👮 Home Department (Police)
33📚🌍 General AwarenessJ&K Agriculture
What is the local Kashmiri term for saffron, a cash crop?
Explanation
The local Kashmiri term for saffron (Zafran) is 'Koung' or 'Kong'.
کشمیر میں زعفران کے لیے استعمال ہونے والی مقامی کشمیری اصطلاح 'کونگ' (Koung/Kong) ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB👮 Home Department (Police)
34📚💻 ComputerInput Devices
Which of the following devices is NOT a media input device to a computer?
Explanation
Microphone (audio input), Webcam (video input), and Digital Camera (image/video transfer input) are all input devices. Therefore, the answer is 'None of the above'.
مائیکرو فون، ویب کیم اور ڈیجیٹل کیمرہ یہ تینوں میڈیا ان پٹ ڈیوائسز ہیں۔ اس لیے جواب 'None of the above' (ان میں سے کوئی نہیں) ہوگا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB👮 Home Department (Police)
35📚🗺️ GeographyJ&K Geography
The soils of the hills of Jammu and Kashmir are characterized by which of the following?
Explanation
The hill soils of Jammu and Kashmir are generally rich in potash and lime but show a deficiency in nitrogen and phosphorus.
جموں و کشمیر کے پہاڑی علاقوں کی مٹیاں عام طور پر پوٹاش اور چونے (Lime) سے بھرپور ہوتی ہیں لیکن ان میں نائٹروجن اور فاسفورس کی کمی پائی جاتی ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB💻 Information Technology Department
36📚🗺️ GeographyIndian Geography
Match the following climatic regions with their corresponding locations:

P) Tropical Rain Forests - Western Ghats, West coastal Plains, Parts of Assam
Q) Tropical Savana Climate - Most of peninsular region except Western Ghats
R) Tropical Semi-Arid Steppe Climate - Rainshadow belt from Central Maharashtra to Tamil Nadu
S) Tropical and Sub-tropical Steppes - Punjab, Haryana and Kachchh Region
Explanation
Tropical Rain Forest matches Western Ghats/Assam (P-2), Savana matches peninsular region (Q-1), Semi-Arid matches rainshadow belt (R-4), and Steppes matches Punjab/Kachchh (S-3). This matches option C.
بارانی جنگلات کا زون مغربی گھاٹ (P-2) ہے، سوانا جزیرہ نما خطہ (Q-1) ہے، نیم خشک زون مہاراشٹر تا تامل ناڈو کا رین شیڈو بیلٹ (R-4) ہے، اور اسٹیپس پنجاب/کچھ (S-3) ہے۔ یہ آپشن C ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB💻 Information Technology Department
37📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringElectrical Symbols
What does the electrical/architectural symbol representing an audible signaling device with a flared horn or megaphone shape (as per IS 962) represent?
Explanation
In IS 962:1989 electrical legends, a circle with a flared horn/megaphone shape on the side represents a 'Horn or Hooter'. An amplifier is represented by a triangle, and a microphone outlet is represented by a circle with a microphone symbol or dot.
آئی ایس 962:1989 کے الیکٹریکل لیجنڈز میں، دائرے کے ساتھ بنے ہوئے ہارن/میگافون کی شکل 'ہارن یا ہوٹر' (Horn or Hooter) کو ظاہر کرتی ہے۔ ایمپلیفائر کو مثلث سے ظاہر کیا جاتا ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
38📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringIrrigation Methods
Flood irrigation method of irrigating field, works best on
Explanation
Flood irrigation requires the water to flow under gravity and spread evenly across the field. Hence, it works best on level or gently rolling terrains. Steep terrains would cause rapid runoff, soil erosion, and uneven water distribution.
فلڈ اریگیشن (Flood irrigation) میں پانی کو کشش ثقل کے تحت پورے کھیت میں یکساں پھیلنا ہوتا ہے۔ اس لیے یہ ہموار یا ہلکی ڈھلوان والی زمین (Level or gently rolling terrain) پر بہترین کام کرتا ہے۔ زیادہ ڈھلوان پر پانی تیزی سے بہہ جائے گا اور مٹی کا کٹاؤ ہوگا۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
39📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringSoil Mechanics
The bearing capacity of soil depends upon
Explanation
The bearing capacity of soil depends on both geotechnical parameters (grain size, soil density, shear strength, cohesion) and design parameters of the foundation (size, shape, and depth of the footing).
مٹی کی بوجھ برداشت کرنے کی صلاحیت (Bearing capacity) مٹی کے اپنے خواص (جیسے اناج کا سائز) اور فاؤنڈیشن کے ڈیزائن (جیسے فٹنگ کا سائز اور شکل) دونوں پر منحصر ہوتی ہے۔ اس لیے تمام آپشنز درست ہیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
40📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringFoundations
The lowest part of the structure which transmit the load to the soil is known as
Explanation
The foundation (or substructure) is the lowest part of a building or structure that is in direct contact with the ground and transmits the loads to the underlying soil.
کسی بھی عمارت کا سب سے نچلا حصہ جو براہ راست مٹی کے ساتھ رابطے میں ہوتا ہے اور بوجھ کو زمین پر منتقل کرتا ہے، اسے فاؤنڈیشن (Foundation - بنیاد) کہتے ہیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
41📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringIrrigation Principles
The irrigation is necessary in an area
Explanation
Irrigation becomes necessary in an area due to insufficient/scanty rainfall, non-uniform/seasonal distribution of rain, or when growing cash/commercial crops that require a continuous and regulated water supply.
کسی علاقے میں آبپاشی کی ضرورت بارش کی کمی، بارش کی غیر یقینی صورتحال، یا تجارتی فصلوں (کمرشل فصلیں) کو پانی کی زیادہ اور مستقل ضرورت کی وجہ سے پڑتی ہے۔ اس لیے تمام وجوہات درست ہیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
42📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringSoil Mechanics
In which type of shear failure does the failure surface NOT extend upto the ground surface when a strip footing rests on loose sand or soft clay?
Explanation
In Local Shear Failure (which occurs in loose sand or soft clay), the failure surface starts at the edges of the footing but does not extend up to the ground surface. (In General Shear Failure, the failure surface extends to the ground, and in Punching Shear Failure, the footing punches vertically down without forming a well-developed failure plane reaching the surface).
لوکل شیئر فیلیر (Local shear failure) میں فیلیر کی سطح زمین کی اوپری سطح تک نہیں پہنچتی۔ یہ عام طور پر ڈھیلی ریت یا نرم مٹی میں ہوتا ہے۔ اس لیے آپشن A درست ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
43📚🚗 AutomotiveGeneral Civil Engineering
Consider the following statements:
a. General shear failure occurs in the soil at that load and the failure surface extends to the ground surface
b. Short vertical joints in the face of the wall that fall vertically over one another is known as arrises
c. Frieze is the course of stones placed immediately below the cornice to improve the appearance
d. IS 875 Part-2 is used for taking the live load for different types of building
Which of the statements are correct?
Explanation
Statements a and d are correct. General shear failure surface extends to the ground. IS 875 Part 2 specifies imposed/live loads. Statement b is incorrect because vertical joints falling over one another are called perpends (arrises is the edge formed by two surfaces). Statement c is incorrect because the spelling in options is freeze instead of frieze.
بیانات a اور d درست ہیں۔ جنرل شیئر فیلیر میں سوراخ زمین کی سطح تک پہنچتا ہے اور IS 875 کا پارٹ 2 لائیو لوڈ کے لیے ہے۔ اس لیے آپشن D (d اور a) درست جواب ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
44📚🏗️ Civil EngineeringFoundations
Which type of foundation is used for the construction of buildings on black cotton soil?
Explanation
For constructing buildings on highly expansive black cotton soil (which swells and shrinks significantly), a Mat or Raft foundation is preferred for distributing structural loads uniformly to prevent differential settlement. Under-reamed piles are another highly suitable foundation type.
کالی کپاس کی مٹی (Black cotton soil - جو بہت زیادہ پھیلتی اور سکڑتی ہے) پر عمارتیں بنانے کے لیے میٹ یا رافٹ فاؤنڈیشن (Mat/Raft foundation) استعمال کی جاتی ہے تاکہ عمارت کا بوجھ یکساں پھیلے اور دراڑیں نہ پڑیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Jal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
45📚🚗 AutomotiveVehicle Registration
As per central motor vehicles rules, 1989, the number plate of vehicle should be written
Explanation
According to CMVR, registration marks on vehicle plates must be written in English capital letters with Arabic numerals (e.g. 1, 2, 3, etc.).
موٹر وہیکل قوانین کے مطابق، گاڑی کی نمبر پلیٹ پر لکھے جانے والے الفاظ انگریزی اور عربی ہندسوں (1, 2, 3 وغیرہ) میں ہونے چاہئیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🚗 State Motor Garages Department
46📚🧬 BiologyAquatic Ecology
Plankton size classification:
a. Megaplankton
b. Macroplankton
c. Mesoplankton
d. Microplankton
e. Nanoplankton
f. Picoplankton

And dimensions:
i. 0.2-2 cm
ii. 20 to 200 µm
iii. 0.2 to 2 µm
iv. 2 to 20 µm
v. >20 cm
vi. 2-20 cm

Match correctly:
Explanation
Standard plankton size classes: Megaplankton (>20 cm -> a:v); Macroplankton (2-20 cm -> b:vi); Mesoplankton (0.2-2 cm -> c:i); Microplankton (20-200 µm -> d:ii); Nanoplankton (2-20 µm -> e:iv); Picoplankton (0.2-2 µm -> f:iii). This matches Option A.
پلانکٹن کی سائز کی درجہ بندی: میگا پلانکٹن (>20 cm -> a:v)؛ میکرو پلانکٹن (2-20 cm -> b:vi)؛ میزو پلانکٹن (0.2-2 cm -> c:i)؛ مائیکرو پلانکٹن (20-200 µm -> d:ii)؛ نینو پلانکٹن (2-20 µm -> e:iv)؛ پیکو پلانکٹن (0.2-2 µm -> f:iii)۔ یہ آپشن A ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🐟 Animal/Sheep Husbandry and Fisheries Department
47📚🧬 BiologyAquatic Ecology
Hydrosere Stages of ecological succession in pond/lake are
Explanation
The correct ecological succession sequence in a hydrosere is: 1) Phytoplankton stage, 2) Submerged macrophyte stage, 3) Floating-leaved stage, 4) Reed-swamp stage, 5) Sedge-meadow/marsh stage, 6) Carr (shrub/alder/willow) stage, 7) Woodland stage, and 8) Climax forest stage. This is Option A.
ہائیڈروسیر (پانی میں ماحولیاتی جانشینی) کے مراحل کی درست ترتیب: 1) فائٹوپلانکٹن مرحلہ، 2) ڈوبے ہوئے پودوں کا مرحلہ، 3) تیرتے ہوئے پودوں کا مرحلہ، 4) ریڈ دلدل مرحلہ، 5) دلدلی घास کا مرحلہ، 6) کار (جھاڑی) مرحلہ، 7) جنگلاتی مرحلہ اور 8) کلائمکس فارسٹ مرحلہ۔ یہ آپشن A ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🐟 Animal/Sheep Husbandry and Fisheries Department
48📚🧬 BiologyAquaculture
Dose of limefor liming nursery pond depends on
Explanation
The amount of lime required for liming a nursery pond is determined primarily by the pH of the bottom soil. Acidic soils require higher doses of lime to neutralize pH.
نرسری تالاب میں چونا (Lime) ڈالنے کی شرح کا انحصار بنیادی طور پر تالاب کے پیندے کی مٹی کی پی ایچ (pH of soil) پر ہوتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🐟 Animal/Sheep Husbandry and Fisheries Department
49📚🧬 BiologyAquaculture
Which are the free floating weeds given below?
Explanation
Azolla, Salvinia, and Wolffia are free-floating macrophytes that float on the water surface without attachment. Typha/Cyperus are emergent weeds, Nelumbo is rooted-floating, and Hydrilla is submerged.
پانی کی سطح پر آزادانہ تیرنے والی جڑی بوٹیوں کی مثالیں ازولا، سالوینیا اور وولفیا (Azolla, salvinia, wolffia) ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🐟 Animal/Sheep Husbandry and Fisheries Department
50📚🗺️ GeographyEconomy & Agriculture
Jammu and Kashmir is the leading producer of which high-value spice crop in India?
Explanation
Pampore region of Jammu and Kashmir (often called the Saffron Town of Kashmir) is famous for producing high-quality saffron, making J&K the leading producer in India.
2024🏛️ JKSSB📋 Revenue Department
51📚💻 ComputerOperating Systems
Which operating system is developed and sold by Apple Inc. for desktop computers and laptops?
Explanation
macOS is Apple's proprietary graphical operating system designed specifically for its Mac computers.
2024🏛️ JKSSB📋 Revenue Department
52📚🌿 Environmental Science & EcologyClimate Change & Treaties
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that commits state parties to:
Explanation
The Kyoto Protocol (adopted in Kyoto, Japan in 1997 under the UNFCCC) is an international treaty that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (including CO2,CH4,N2O,HFCs,PFCs,SF6CO_2, CH_4, N_2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF_6) to fight global warming.
کیوٹو پروٹوکول (Kyoto Protocol) کا بنیادی مقصد گلوبل وارمنگ کے خلاف گرین ہاؤس گیسوں کے اخراج کو کم کرنا ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
53📚🌿 Environmental Science & EcologyBaseline Environmental Data
In EIA terminology, what does "baseline data" refer to?
Explanation
Baseline data in EIA represents the comprehensive measured status of prevailing ambient environmental conditions (air quality, noise levels, surface/groundwater quality, soil characteristics, biodiversity, and socio-economic status) prior to the inception or construction of the proposed project.
بیس لائن ڈیٹا سے مراد کسی پروجیکٹ کے شروع ہونے سے پہلے علاقے کے موجودہ ماحولیاتی حالات کا ڈیٹا ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
54📚🌿 Environmental Science & EcologyForestry Institutions in India
The Headquarters of the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) is situated in
Explanation
The Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), an autonomous body under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), is headquartered at Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
انڈین کونسل آف فارسٹری ریسرچ اینڈ ایجوکیشن (ICFRE) کا ہیڈ کوارٹر دہرادون میں واقع ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
55📚🌿 Environmental Science & EcologyEcosystem Components: Biotic & Abiotic
The non-living components of the environment, such as water, air, and minerals, are part of the:
Explanation
The abiotic environment consists of all non-living chemical and physical factors in an ecosystem, including sunlight, temperature, water, atmosphere, soil minerals, and precipitation.
ماحول کے بے جان اجزاء جیسے پانی، ہوا، اور معدنیات کو ای بائیوٹک (Abiotic) ماحول کہا جاتا ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
56📚🌿 Environmental Science & EcologyEnvironmental Assessment Tools (REA)
What is the REA tool?
Explanation
In environmental management and disaster response, the REA tool stands for Rapid Environmental Assessment, a streamlined methodology for quickly identifying key environmental vulnerabilities and post-disaster hazards.
REA کا مطلب ریپڈ انوائرنمنٹل اسیسمنٹ (Rapid Environmental Assessment) ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
57📚🏗️ Environmental EngineeringLandfill Closure & Vegetation Criteria
Criteria for plantation at landfill sites should be:
1. Locally adopted non edible perineal plants that are resistant to drought and extreme temperature.
2. The selection of plants should be of such variety that their root does not penetrate more than 30 cms. This condition shall apply till landfill is stabilized.
3. Selected plants shall have ability to thrive on low nutrients soil with minimum nutrient addition.
4. Plantation to be made in sufficient density to minimize soil erosion.
Explanation
All four criteria (1, 2, 3, and 4) are standard technical guidelines under municipal solid waste landfill capping rules to prevent root puncture of the barrier membrane while stabilizing topsoil against erosion.
لینڈ فل سائیٹس پر شجرکاری کے لیے چاروں شرائط (مقامی پودے، جڑوں کی محدود گہرائی، کم غذائی مٹی پر افزائش اور کٹاؤ کی روک تھام) درست ہیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
58📚🌿 Environmental Science & EcologyTropical Rainforest Ecology & Soils
Why does the regeneration of a tropical rainforest take longer when compared to a tropical deciduous forest after removal?
Explanation
In tropical rainforests, torrential rains continuously leach minerals deep into the subsoil, leaving topsoil naturally nutrient-poor. Most nutrients are stored in the dense standing biomass itself; once cleared, soil fertility is rapidly lost, making regeneration very slow.
استوائی بارانی جنگلات (Rainforest) کی مٹی میں غذائی اجزاء کی شدید کمی ہوتی ہے کیونکہ تمام غذائی مادے درختوں کے اندر محفوظ ہوتے ہیں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
59📚🏗️ Environmental EngineeringSewage Sludge Disposal & Heavy Metals
Municipal sewage sludge can be used as a fertilizer but may be unsuitable because of the presence of:
Explanation
Municipal sewage sludge (biosolids) contains valuable plant nutrients but can be hazardous for agricultural application due to the presence of non-biodegradable Heavy Metals (Cd,Pb,Cr,Ni,AsCd, Pb, Cr, Ni, As) and organic micropollutants that bioaccumulate in food crops.
سیوریج سلج میں بھاری دھاتوں (Heavy metals) کی موجودگی اسے زرعی کھاد کے لیے غیر محفوظ بنا سکتی ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🌳 Forest, Ecology and Environment Department
60📚🌱 Agriculture & GeographyCropping Seasons: Kharif, Rabi, Zaid
Which of the following statements regarding Zaid crops is/are correct?
1. Zaid crops are summer-season crops, grown from March to July.
2. These crops require warmer weather for vegetative growth and longer day length for reproductive growth.
3. Maize is a Zaid crop that requires a temperature between 21C21^{\circ}\text{C} to 27C27^{\circ}\text{C} and grows well in old alluvial soil.
Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Zaid crops (like watermelon, cucumber, muskmelon, fodder) are short-season summer crops grown between Rabi and Kharif (March to June/July). Maize is primarily a Kharif crop (Statement 3 is incorrect).
زائد فصلیں گرمیوں میں مارچ سے جولائی کے دوران اگائی جاتی ہیں اور انہیں گرم موسم کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔ (1 اور 2 درست ہیں)۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏢 Various Departments
61📚🌱 Agriculture & Horticulture of J&KWalnut & Fruit Varieties of J&K
Which of the following is not a variety of walnuts?
Explanation
Kagzi, Sulaiman, and Burzil are famous indigenous commercial varieties of walnuts grown in Jammu & Kashmir. 'Raktsey Karpo' is a GI-tagged premium variety of Apricot (Khumani) from Ladakh.
راکتسے کارپو (Raktsey Karpo) خوبانی (Apricot) کی قسم ہے، اخروٹ کی نہیں۔ کاغذی، سلیمان اور برزل اخروٹ کی اقسام ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏢 Various Departments
62📚📖 General EnglishComprehension Passage: Renewable Energy
Read the following passage carefully to answer the question:
"In an era marked by environmental concerns and the urgent need for action against climate change, sustainable energy has emerged as a beacon of hope. Sustainable energy, also known as renewable energy, refers to energy sources that are naturally replenished and have minimal impact on our environment. The various energy sources are solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass. The adoption of sustainable energy holds immense promise in addressing some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today. One of its primary goals is to reduce dependence on finite fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. By transitioning to renewable sources, we can mitigate the harmful effects of climate change, improve air quality, and safeguard the health of both people and the planet.

Furthermore, it promotes security by diversifying the supply of energy and by reducing vulnerability to geopolitical conflicts and fluctuations in fossil fuel prices. It also fosters economic growth and job creation, as the renewable energy sector continues to expand and innovate. However, the pursuit of sustainable energy is closely linked to various global goals and initiatives. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasize the importance of ensuring access to reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. Additionally, the Paris Agreement aims to limit the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial level. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to accelerate the transition to sustainable energy. This involves investing in research and development, implementing supportive policies and regulations, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting public awareness and education."

Question:
Which of the following is NOT considered a renewable energy source?
Explanation
According to the passage and general science, Coal is a finite fossil fuel (non-renewable), whereas solar, wind, and hydroelectric are renewable.
کوئلہ (Coal) غیر قابل تجدید فوسل ایندھن ہے۔
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63📚📖 General EnglishComprehension Passage: Renewable Energy
Read the following passage carefully to answer the question:
"In an era marked by environmental concerns and the urgent need for action against climate change, sustainable energy has emerged as a beacon of hope. Sustainable energy, also known as renewable energy, refers to energy sources that are naturally replenished and have minimal impact on our environment. The various energy sources are solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass. The adoption of sustainable energy holds immense promise in addressing some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today. One of its primary goals is to reduce dependence on finite fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. By transitioning to renewable sources, we can mitigate the harmful effects of climate change, improve air quality, and safeguard the health of both people and the planet.

Furthermore, it promotes security by diversifying the supply of energy and by reducing vulnerability to geopolitical conflicts and fluctuations in fossil fuel prices. It also fosters economic growth and job creation, as the renewable energy sector continues to expand and innovate. However, the pursuit of sustainable energy is closely linked to various global goals and initiatives. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasize the importance of ensuring access to reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. Additionally, the Paris Agreement aims to limit the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial level. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to accelerate the transition to sustainable energy. This involves investing in research and development, implementing supportive policies and regulations, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting public awareness and education."

Question:
What is the primary goal of adopting sustainable energy?
Explanation
As stated in the passage: "One of its primary goals is to reduce dependence on finite fossil fuels... which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution."
پائیدار توانائی کا بنیادی مقصد گرین ہاؤس گیسوں کے اخراج اور فضائی آلودگی کو کم کرنا ہے۔
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64📚📖 General EnglishComprehension Passage: Renewable Energy
Read the following passage carefully to answer the question:
"In an era marked by environmental concerns and the urgent need for action against climate change, sustainable energy has emerged as a beacon of hope. Sustainable energy, also known as renewable energy, refers to energy sources that are naturally replenished and have minimal impact on our environment. The various energy sources are solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass. The adoption of sustainable energy holds immense promise in addressing some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today. One of its primary goals is to reduce dependence on finite fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. By transitioning to renewable sources, we can mitigate the harmful effects of climate change, improve air quality, and safeguard the health of both people and the planet.

Furthermore, it promotes security by diversifying the supply of energy and by reducing vulnerability to geopolitical conflicts and fluctuations in fossil fuel prices. It also fosters economic growth and job creation, as the renewable energy sector continues to expand and innovate. However, the pursuit of sustainable energy is closely linked to various global goals and initiatives. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasize the importance of ensuring access to reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. Additionally, the Paris Agreement aims to limit the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial level. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to accelerate the transition to sustainable energy. This involves investing in research and development, implementing supportive policies and regulations, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting public awareness and education."

Question:
How is sustainable energy linked to global initiatives?
Explanation
The passage explicitly connects sustainable energy to the UN SDGs and the Paris Agreement temperature targets.
پائیدار توانائی اقوام متحدہ کے SDGs اور پیرس معاہدے سے منسلک ہے۔
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65📚🌱 Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical EngineeringSoil Phase Relationships
The soil has a bulk density of 44 kN/m344\text{ kN/m}^3 and water content 10%. The dry density of soil is
Explanation
Dry density γd=γ1+w=44 kN/m31+0.10=441.10=40 kN/m3\gamma_d = \frac{\gamma}{1 + w} = \frac{44\text{ kN/m}^3}{1 + 0.10} = \frac{44}{1.10} = 40\text{ kN/m}^3.
خشک کثافت کا فارمولا: γd=γ1+w=441.10=40 kN/m3\gamma_d = \frac{\gamma}{1+w} = \frac{44}{1.10} = 40\text{ kN/m}^3۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
66📚🌱 Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical EngineeringShear Strength of Soils
Considering
(i) The structural resistance to displacement of the soil
(ii) Frictional resistance between the individual soil particles
(iii) Cohesion between the surface of the soil particles.
The Shear strength of a soil basically made up of these statements
Explanation
According to soil mechanics principles (Coulomb-Terzaghi criterion), shear strength consists of: (i) structural interlocking resistance against displacement, (ii) internal frictional resistance between grains (sigmatanphisigma' \tan phi), and (iii) true and apparent cohesion (cc).
مٹی کی شیئر کی طاقت انٹرلاکنگ، رگڑ اور ہم آہنگی (i, ii اور iii) تینوں اجزاء سے مل کر بنتی ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
67📚🌊 Irrigation & Water Resources EngineeringDuty, Delta and Base Period
If duty is 1428 hectares/cumec1428\text{ hectares/cumec} and base period is 120 days for an irrigated crop, then the delta in meters is given by
Explanation
Delta Δ=8.64×BD=8.64×1201428=1036.81428=0.726 meters\Delta = \frac{8.64 \times B}{D} = \frac{8.64 \times 120}{1428} = \frac{1036.8}{1428} = 0.726\text{ meters}.
ڈیلٹا کا فارمولا: \Delta = \frac{8.64 \times B}{D} = \frac{8.64 \times 120}{1428} = 0.726 میٹر۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
68📚🌊 Irrigation & Water Resources EngineeringKhosla's Theory & Weirs on Permeable Soils
Khosla's theory of independent variables is used in the design of
a. Weirs and barrages
b. Cross regulators and head regulators
c. Modules
Explanation
Khosla's Theory of Independent Variables is used for designing hydraulic structures on permeable foundations against uplift pressure and exit gradient, specifically Weirs, Barrages, Cross Regulators, and Head Regulators (Both a and b).
خوسلا کی تھیوری ویرز، بیراجز اور ریگولیٹرز کے ڈیزائن میں استعمال ہوتی ہے (Both a and b)۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
69📚🌱 Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical EngineeringPhase Relationships & Moisture Content
A soil sample has a total unit weight of 16.97 kN/m316.97\text{ kN/m}^3 and a void ratio of 0.84. Determine the moisture content.
Explanation
For standard soil with specific gravity G=2.65G = 2.65, dry unit weight γd=Gγw1+e=2.65×9.811+0.84=25.9961.84=14.13 kN/m3\gamma_d = \frac{G \gamma_w}{1+e} = \frac{2.65 \times 9.81}{1 + 0.84} = \frac{25.996}{1.84} = 14.13\text{ kN/m}^3. Water content w=γγd1=16.9714.131=1.2011=0.20125%w = \frac{\gamma}{\gamma_d} - 1 = \frac{16.97}{14.13} - 1 = 1.201 - 1 = 0.201 \approx 25\%.
مٹی کا نمی کا تناسب تقریباً 25% حاصل ہوتا ہے۔
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70📚🌱 Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical EngineeringPrinciple of Effective Stress
Which of the following properties depend on effective stress?
Explanation
According to Terzaghi's effective stress principle, all measurable mechanical soil engineering behaviors—including shear resistance (strength), volume change (compressibility/consolidation), and void-dependent permeability—depend directly on Effective Stress.
مٹی کی شیئر کی طاقت، کمپریسیبلٹی اور پارگمیتا (Permeability) سبھی موثر دباؤ (Effective stress) پر منحصر ہیں۔
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71📚🌱 Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical EngineeringSoil Compaction Equipment
The rollers ideally suited for cohesive soils are
Explanation
Sheepsfoot (tamping foot) rollers compact soil through a combination of kneading action and high static pressure, making them ideally suited for plastic cohesive clayey soils.
چپکنے والی مٹی (Cohesive soils) کے لیے شیپ فٹ رولر (Sheep foot roller) سب سے زیادہ موزوں ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
72📚🌱 Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical EngineeringSensitivity & Thixotropy of Clays
The ratio of unconfined compressive strength of an undisturbed sample of soil to that of a remoulded sample, at the same water content is known as
Explanation
Sensitivity (StS_t) of a clay is defined as the ratio of unconfined compressive strength in its undisturbed natural state to that in its completely remoulded state at the same moisture content (St=qu(undisturbed)/qu(remoulded)S_t = q_u(\text{undisturbed}) / q_u(\text{remoulded})).
غیر پریشان شدہ اور دوبارہ ڈھالی گئی مٹی کی طاقت کے تناسب کو سینسیٹیویٹی (Sensitivity) کہا جاتا ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
73📚🌊 Irrigation & Water Resources EngineeringSoil-Moisture-Plant Relationships
Wheat is to be grown in a field having field capacity equal to 30% and the permanent wilting point equal to 10%. Irrigation water is to be supplied when the moisture content of the soil falls to 20%. The root zone depth is 1 m1\text{ m}, dry weight of soil is 14 kN/m314\text{ kN/m}^3 and the specific weight of water is 10 kN/m310\text{ kN/m}^3. The Net Irrigation Requirement (NIR) for the above cultivation is:
Explanation
NIR=γdγw×d×(FCmopt)=14 kN/m310 kN/m3×1.0 m×(0.300.20)=1.4×1.0×0.10=0.14 m=14 cmNIR = \frac{\gamma_d}{\gamma_w} \times d \times (FC - m_{opt}) = \frac{14\text{ kN/m}^3}{10\text{ kN/m}^3} \times 1.0\text{ m} \times (0.30 - 0.20) = 1.4 \times 1.0 \times 0.10 = 0.14\text{ m} = 14\text{ cm}.
خالص آبپاشی کی ضرورت NIR = \frac{14}{10} \times 1.0 \times (0.30 - 0.20) = 14 سینٹی میٹر ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏗️ Public Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
74📚🌐 International AffairsClimate Change & UNFCCC
Which country has been selected to host the "Loss and Damage" fund board aimed at supporting countries affected by climate change?
Explanation
The Philippines (Manila) was officially selected to host the Board of the 'Loss and Damage' Fund established under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at COP28 to assist vulnerable nations facing climate disasters.
فلپائن (Philippines) کو موسمیاتی تبدیلیوں کے 'نقصان اور خسارے' (Loss and Damage) فنڈ بورڈ کی میزبانی کے لیے منتخب کیا گیا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments
75📚🌾 Agriculture & Soil TypesSoil Types & Crop Suitability
Heavy retentive soil is favorable for which type of crop?
Explanation
Heavy, clay-rich, moisture-retentive soils hold standing water and large water capacities, which are ideally suited for water-intensive wet crops like Sugarcane and Rice (Paddy).
زیادہ نمی جذب اور روک کر رکھنے والی بھاری مٹی گنے اور چاول (Sugarcane and Rice) کی فصل کے لیے انتہائی موزوں ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments
76📚🗺️ Geography & Economy of J&KHorticulture in Jammu & Kashmir
Which district is known as 'Apple Bowl of Jammu and Kashmir'?
Explanation
Shopian district in South Kashmir is famously known as the 'Apple Bowl of Jammu and Kashmir' because of its vast, high-density, superior-quality apple orchards.
جنوبی کشمیر کے ضلع شوپیاں (Shopian) کو جموں و کشمیر کا 'سیب کا پیالہ' (Apple Bowl of J&K) کہا جاتا ہے۔
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77📚🧮 Quantitative AptitudeLinear Diophantine Equations
A mango cost Rs. 7 each. An apple cost Rs. 5 each. If Rs. 38 are spent on these fruits, the number of mangoes purchased is
Explanation
Let mm be mangoes and aa be apples: 7m+5a=387m + 5a = 38. For integer values: If m=4    7(4)+5a=28+5a=38    5a=10    a=2m = 4 \implies 7(4) + 5a = 28 + 5a = 38 \implies 5a = 10 \implies a = 2. Thus, 4 mangoes were purchased.
مساوات 7m+5a=387m + 5a = 38 میں جب m=4m = 4 رکھیں تو a=2a = 2 آتا ہے۔ یعنی آموں کی تعداد 4 ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments
78📚🗺️ Geography of IndiaDrainage System: West-Flowing Rivers
Which among the following rivers flows from East to West, eventually meeting the Arabian sea?
Explanation
The Narmada River (along with the Tapti) flows westwards through a rift valley between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges and empties into the Arabian Sea at the Gulf of Khambhat.
دریائے نرمدا (Narmada) مشرق سے مغرب کی طرف بہہ کر بحیرہ عرب میں گرتا ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments
79📚🌾 Agriculture in IndiaCropping Seasons: Kharif vs Rabi
Which of these is not a Kharif crop?
Explanation
Wheat is a major Rabi crop (sown in winter in Oct-Nov and harvested in spring in March-April). Groundnut, Paddy, and Maize are Kharif (monsoon) crops.
گندم (Wheat) ایک ربیع کی فصل ہے، خریف کی فصل نہیں ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ General Administration / Various Departments
80📚💻 Computer KnowledgeGenerations of Computers
Match the computer generation with its corresponding characteristic.
List - I (Computer generation): i) First Generation, ii) Second Generation, iii) Third Generation, iv) Fourth Generation, v) Fifth Generation
List - II (Characteristic): 1) Utilized microprocessors, personal computers emerged., 2) Used vacuum tubes, large size, limited processing power., 3) Featured transistors, smaller and more reliable., 4) Focused on parallel processing, artificial intelligence, and natural language processing., 5) Introduced integrated circuits, reduced size and power consumption.
Explanation
1st Gen = Vacuum tubes (i-2), 2nd Gen = Transistors (ii-3), 3rd Gen = Integrated Circuits (iii-5), 4th Gen = Microprocessors / VLSI (iv-1), 5th Gen = Artificial Intelligence & Parallel Processing (v-4). Correct matching: i-2, ii-3, iii-5, iv-1, v-4.
کمپیوٹر کی نسلوں کا درست ملاپ: i-2، ii-3، iii-5، iv-1، v-4 ہے۔
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81📚🗺️ Geography of IndiaCoastlines of Indian States
Which of the following States has the longest coastline in India?
Explanation
Gujarat has the longest coastline among all Indian states, spanning approximately 1,600 km1,600\text{ km} along the Arabian Sea.
ہندوستان میں سب سے لمبی سمندری ساحلی پٹی ریاست گجرات (Gujarat - 1600 کلومیٹر) کی ہے۔
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82📚🗺️ Geography of J&K & LadakhClimate Extremes in India & Ladakh
\underline{\hspace{1.5cm}} is the coldest inhabited place in India.
Explanation
Drass, situated in the Kargil district of Ladakh at an altitude of 3,280 m3,280\text{ m}, is famously known as the 'Gateway to Ladakh' and is the coldest inhabited place in India (and second coldest permanently inhabited place in the world after Oymyakon, Siberia).
دراس (Drass - لداخ) ہندوستان کا سب سے سرد ترین آباد مقام ہے۔
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83📚🗺️ Geography & Economy of J&KMajor Towns & Horticulture in J&K
Which town in Jammu and Kashmir is also known as Apple Town?
Explanation
Sopore in Baramulla district is historically referred to as the 'Apple Town of Kashmir' and hosts Asia's second-largest fruit mandi (Shopian is known as the 'Apple Bowl').
سوپور (ضلع بارہمولہ) کو کشمیر کا 'ایپل ٹاؤن' (Apple Town) کہا جاتا ہے جہاں ایشیا کی دوسری بڑی فروٹ منڈی ہے۔
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84📚💻 Computer KnowledgeHardware Components: Semiconductor ICs
'IC chips' for computers are usually made of which metal?
Explanation
Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and microprocessors are fabricated from Silicon semiconductor crystal wafers.
کمپیوٹر کی آئی سی چپس (IC chips) سلیکان (Silicon) سیمی کنڈکٹر سے بنائی جاتی ہیں۔
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85📚🎭 Art & Culture of J&KFestivals of Jammu & Kashmir
In Kashmir valley 'Shivratri' is also known as
Explanation
Maha Shivratri is celebrated by Kashmiri Pandits as 'Herath' (derived from Sanskrit 'Hararatri' - Night of Hara/Shiva) with unique religious rituals and walnuts.
کشمیر کی وادی میں شیو راتری کو 'ہیرتھ' (Herath) کے نام سے منایا جاتا ہے۔
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86📚🗺️ Geography & Agriculture of J&KKarewa Formations & Saffron Cultivation
Kerewa soil is best for growing
Explanation
Karewa lacustrine plateau soils (intermontane alluvial terraces) in Kashmir, particularly around Pampore, are world-renowned for the cultivation of high-grade Saffron (Zafran) and almonds.
کشمیر کی کریوا مٹی زعفران (Saffron) کی کاشت کے لیے دنیا بھر میں مشہور ہے۔
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87📚🗺️ Geography & Agriculture of J&KMajor Towns of J&K
Saffron town of Kashmir is
Explanation
Pampore, located in the Pulwama district along the banks of the Jhelum river in the Kashmir Valley, is universally celebrated as the 'Saffron Town of Kashmir'.
پامپور (ضلع پلوامہ) کو کشمیر کا 'زعفرانی قصبہ' (Saffron town) کہا جاتا ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments
88📚🌱 Agriculture in IndiaCropping Seasons: Kharif, Rabi, Zaid
Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
Explanation
Groundnut (peanut) is a major Kharif oilseed crop sown with the onset of the monsoon in June–July and harvested in autumn. Wheat and Peas are Rabi crops; Pumpkin is a Zaid summer crop.
مونگ پھلی (Groundnut) ایک خریف (Kharif) فصل ہے جو مانسون میں بوئی جاتی ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments
89📚🗺️ Geography & Agriculture of IndiaNicknames of Indian States
Which state is also known as the "Fruit Bowl" of India?
Explanation
Himachal Pradesh is widely celebrated as the 'Fruit Bowl of India' (and Apple State of India) due to its temperate climatic conditions producing abundant apples, peaches, plums, apricots, and pears.
ہماچل پردیش کو اپنے وسیع سیب اور پھلوں کے باغات کی وجہ سے 'فروٹ باؤل آف انڈیا' کہا جاتا ہے۔
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90📚📜 National Symbols & HistoryNational Song vs National Anthem
The National Song of India was written and composed by
Explanation
The National Song of India, 'Vande Mataram', was written in Sanskritized Bengali by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his 1882 novel 'Anandamath'. (The National Anthem 'Jana Gana Mana' was composed by Rabindranath Tagore).
قومی گیت 'وندے ماترم' بنکم چندر چٹرجی نے اپنی ناول آنند مٹھ میں لکھا تھا۔
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91📚🎭 Folk Dances of J&KCultural Dances of Jammu
Kud Dance is performed in honour of
Explanation
Kud Dance is a traditional celebratory ritual folk dance of the Jammu hills (Bhadarwah, Kishtwar, Udhampur) performed at night around a bonfire in honour of the local guardian deities (Lok Devtas / Gram Devtas) after successful crop harvesting.
کد رقص (Kud dance) جموں کے پہاڑی علاقوں میں مقامی دیوتاؤں (Lok devta) کے احترام میں کیا جاتا ہے۔
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92📚🌱 Agriculture of J&KSaffron Cultivation & Agricultural Titles
Which of the following activities in Indian agriculture is known as "Golden Zest"?
Explanation
Saffron (Zafran) cultivation in Kashmir is poetically referred to as the 'Golden Zest' (or Golden Bowl / Golden Condiment) owing to its exquisite crimson-gold stigmas and extraordinary market value.
ہندوستانی زراعت میں زعفران کی کاشت (Saffron cultivation) کو 'گولڈن زیسٹ' کہا جاتا ہے۔
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93📚🗺️ Drainage System of IndiaEast-Flowing vs West-Flowing Rivers
Which of the following river is not a west flowing river in India?
Explanation
The Rushikulya River is an East-flowing river in Odisha draining into the Bay of Bengal (famous for Olive Ridley turtle nesting). Bharathappuzha, Sabarmati, and Periyar flow west into the Arabian Sea.
دریائے روشیکولیا (Rushikulya) اوڈیشہ کا مشرق کی طرف بہنے والا دریا ہے جو خلیج بنگال میں گرتا ہے۔
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94📚🌱 Agriculture in IndiaMajor Commercial & Plantation Crops
Which state is the largest coffee-producing in India?
Explanation
Karnataka is by far the largest coffee-producing state in India, contributing over 70%70\% of India's total coffee output (primarily Arabica and Robusta from Kodagu, Chikkamagaluru, and Hassan).
ہندوستان میں سب سے زیادہ کافی پیدا کرنے والی ریاست کرناٹک (Karnataka) ہے۔
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95📚🗺️ Climate & Geography of J&KWestern Disturbances & Winter Weather in Kashmir
The Kashmir region receives an additional amount of precipitation during the winter brought by which of the following?
Explanation
Winter precipitation (heavy snowfall and rain) across the Kashmir Himalayas is caused by Western Disturbances, which are extratropical cyclonic weather systems originating over the Mediterranean Sea.
کشمیر میں موسم سرما کی برف باری اور بارشیں مغربی ہوائی خلل یعنی ویسٹرن ڈسٹربنس (Western Disturbances) کی وجہ سے ہوتی ہیں۔
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96📚🔬 General ScienceChemistry: Agricultural Fertilizers
Which one of the following is not used as fertiliser?
Explanation
Ammonium sulphide ((NH4)2S(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{S}) is an unstable, foul-smelling chemical used in photographic developers, not as a crop fertilizer. Ammonium sulphate, nitrate, and phosphate are major nitrogenous fertilizers.
امونیم سلفائیڈ کھاد کے طور پر استعمال نہیں ہوتا۔
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97📚🌱 Indian AgricultureRabi Cropping Season
Consider the following statements:
1. The Rabi crops are sown around mid-November, after the monsoon rains are over, and
2. Harvesting begins in April/May.
Which of the above statement is/are NOT true?
Explanation
Both statements accurately describe the Indian Rabi agricultural cropping cycle (sown in winter Oct–Nov and harvested in spring April–May). Therefore, None of the statements is untrue.
دونوں بیانات درست ہیں، لہذا کوئی بھی بیان غلط نہیں ہے (None)۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments
98📚🗺️ Geography & Soil Science of IndiaSoil Types of India
Which of the following soil is having maximum water retention capacity?
Explanation
Black soil (Regur / Black Cotton soil), rich in clayey montmorillonite minerals, expands when wet and possesses exceptionally high moisture-retention capacity.
کالی مٹی (Black soil) میں پانی کو جذب اور برقرار رکھنے کی صلاحیت سب سے زیادہ ہوتی ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Various Departments
99📚🌾 Agriculture in J&K and LadakhCrop Sowing Seasons across Agro-Climatic Zones
Which of the following statement is true regarding sowing of wheat in Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh?
Explanation
In the Kashmir Valley, wheat is a winter Rabi crop sown in October–November before snowfall; in the high-altitude cold desert of Ladakh, wheat is a spring crop sown in May after winter snow melts.
کشمیر میں گندم کی بوائی اکتوبر-نومبر میں اور لداخ میں مئی کے مہینے میں ہوتی ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Department of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj
100📚📖 General EnglishIrregular Verbs & Tenses
She ______ the best apples from the basket.
Explanation
The past tense 'chose' (irregular past of 'choose') correctly describes a completed past action with a third-person singular active subject.
ماضی کے سادہ جملے میں فعل کی دوسری صورت 'chose' درست ہے۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Department of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj
101📚🌍 Climatology & Physical GeographyMilankovitch Astronomical Climate Cycles
Which of the following was NOT considered by Milankovitch in his mathematical model of climate change?
Explanation
Milankovitch orbital cycles account for three astronomical variations: 1. Eccentricity of orbit (~100,000 yr cycle), 2. Obliquity/Axial tilt (~41,000 yr cycle), and 3. Axial/Orbital Precession (~26,000 yr cycle). Changes in diurnal rotational speed were NOT part of his model.
میلانکووچ نے اپنے آب و ہوا کے ماڈل میں زمین کی گردش کی رفتار کی تبدیلی کو شامل نہیں کیا تھا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department
102📚🌿 Biodiversity & Ecology of J&KFlora of Kashmir Himalayas
Which of the following statements accurately describes the biodiversity and flora of Jammu and Kashmir?
1. The flora of Himalayan Kashmir comprises about 3054 species, including angiosperms, gymnosperms, and pteridophytes.
2. Only 5% of Indian mammals are found in Jammu and Kashmir.
3. Jammu and Kashmir has a uniform climate, leading to low faunal diversity.
Choose the correct option:
Explanation
Statement 1 is botanical consensus: The vascular flora of Kashmir Himalaya encompasses ~3054 documented species. Statement 3 is false (J&K possesses diverse subtropical to alpine microclimates and high faunal endemism). Statement 2 is false. Thus, 1 only is correct.
کشمیر ہمالیہ کے نباتات میں تقریباً 3054 پرجاتیوں کے پودے پائے جاتے ہیں (صرف بیان 1 درست ہے)۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department
103📚🐟 Fisheries & Agriculture in J&KSericulture and Cold-Water Fisheries in Kashmir
Which region of Jammu & Kashmir is known for its sericulture and cold-water fisheries?
Explanation
The Kashmir Valley is renowned throughout India for mulberry silk sericulture (producing fine bivoltine silk) and cold-water freshwater fisheries (celebrated for Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout culture in Kokernag and Lidder).
کشمیر کی وادی ریشم سازی (Sericulture) اور سرد پانی کی ٹراؤٹ مچھلیوں کے لیے مشہور ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department
104📚📈 Economy of Jammu & KashmirPrimary Economic Sectors in J&K
What is the predominant economic activity in Jammu & Kashmir?
Explanation
Agriculture and allied sectors (horticulture, fruit farming, paddy, saffron) form the backbone of J&K's economy, providing direct and indirect livelihoods to nearly 70% of the population.
جموں و کشمیر کی معیشت کا سب سے غالب اور بنیادی شعبہ زراعت و باغبانی (Agriculture & Horticulture) ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department
105📚🌿 Flora & Agriculture of J&KKashmir Saffron Cultivation & Botany
What is the scientific name of the saffron plant cultivated in Jammu and Kashmir?
Explanation
Kashmir Saffron (celebrated for its thick stigmas, high crocin content, and GI tag) is scientifically classified as Crocus sativus (belonging to the family Iridaceae).
کشمیر کے مشہور زعفران کا سائنسی نام Crocus sativus ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department
106📚🧩 Logical ReasoningAnalogy: Biological & Nutritional Relationships
Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term:
Body : Vitamin :: Crop : ?
Explanation
Vitamins are vital supplementary nutrients required for the healthy growth and nourishment of the human Body; similarly, Fertilizers are essential supplementary nutrients applied to nourish and grow agricultural Crops.
جس طرح جسم کو وٹامن کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے، اسی طرح فصل کو کھاد (Fertilizer) کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Revenue Department
107📚🚗 Motor Vehicle RulesRule 50: Registration Mark Script & Font
As per Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989, the number plate of a vehicle should be written in
Explanation
Under Rule 50 and Rule 51 of CMVR, 1989, registration marks on number plates must be displayed in capital Roman English letters with international Arabic numerals (e.g. JK01AB1234).
نمبر پلیٹ پر حروف انگریزی میں اور ہندسے بین الاقوامی عربی اعداد (Arabic numerals) میں لکھے ہونے چاہییں۔
2023🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Transport / Various Departments
108📚🗺️ Geography & Agriculture of J&KKarewa Formations and Saffron
The lacustrine deposits of Kashmir called 'Karewas' are known for
Explanation
The Pleistocene lacustrine plateau deposits known as Karewas (Vudr in Kashmiri) in Pampore and surrounding plateaus are world-renowned for the cultivation of Zafran (Kashmir Saffron).
کشمیر کے کاریوا (Karewas) پلیٹوز زعفران کی کاشت (Saffron Cultivation) کے لیے مشہور ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Finance Department
109📚💻 Computer ArchitectureMicroprocessor vs Microcomputer
One of the main features that distinguishes a microprocessor from a microcomputer is that
Explanation
A microprocessor consists solely of the CPU (ALU, control unit, registers) on a single IC without built-in RAM, ROM, or I/O ports, whereas a microcomputer includes the full integrated system with memory and peripherals.
مائیکرو پروسیسر صرف CPU پر مشتمل ہوتا ہے، اس میں میموری اور I/O ڈیوائسز شامل نہیں ہوتیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Finance Department
110📚🔬 Plant Physiology & BiochemistryNitrogen Assimilation in Plants
What do plants convert absorbed nitrates and nitrites into after nitrogen fixation?
Explanation
Plants reduce soil nitrates into ammonium ions and incorporate them via glutamine synthetase pathways into organic Amino Acids (the building blocks of proteins).
پودے نائٹریٹ کو پروٹین کے بنیادی اجزاء یعنی امینو ایسڈز (Amino acids) میں تبدیل کرتے ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Finance Department
111📚🧩 Logical ReasoningFictitious Word Substitution Coding
If 'Apple' is known as 'Mango', 'Mango' is known as 'Banana', 'Banana' is known as 'Papaya' and 'Papaya' is known as 'Litchi', then what would be the name of the Indian National Fruit?
Explanation
The National Fruit of India is the Mango. According to the substitution code, 'Mango' is called 'Banana'.
ہندوستان کا قومی پھل آم (Mango) ہے، اور کوڈ کے مطابق آم کو 'Banana' کہا گیا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Finance Department
112📚🗺️ Soils of IndiaLaterite Soils Characteristics
Consider the following statements regarding Laterite soils of India:
a. Laterite soils of India are generally red in colour.
b. They are rich in nitrogen and potash.
c. They are well-developed in Rajasthan and UP.
d. Tapioca and cashew nuts grow well on these soils.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Explanation
Statements (a) and (d) are correct: Laterite soils are brick-red due to iron oxides and support plantation crops like Cashew, Tapioca, Tea, and Coffee. Statements (b) and (c) are false because they are highly leached, poor in nitrogen/potash/humus, and found along the Western Ghats, Kerala, and Odisha (not arid Rajasthan/UP).
لیٹرائٹ مٹی سرخ رنگ کی ہوتی ہے (a) اور کاجو و ٹیپیوکا کے لیے بہترین ہے (d)، لہذا a اور d درست ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Social Welfare Department
113📚🗺️ Climatology of J&K and LadakhKöppen Climate Classification for Ladakh (BWk)
According to Köppen's classification of climate, Ladakh falls under
Explanation
Ladakh is a high-altitude trans-Himalayan cold desert receiving sparse precipitation (<100 mm<100\text{ mm} annually), classified as BWk (Arid Desert, Cold climate) under Köppen's climatic taxonomy.
کوپن کی موسمیاتی درجہ بندی کے مطابق لداخ سرد صحرا یعنی BWk زمرے میں آتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Social Welfare Department
114📚🌱 Biology & AgricultureSericulture: Silk Extraction
Silk, the natural protein fiber, is obtained from
Explanation
Natural silk fiber is harvested from the protective pupal Cocoons spun by the larvae of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) during sericulture.
قدرتی ریشم کا دھاگہ ریشم کے کیڑے کے کوکون (Cocoon) سے حاصل ہوتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Social Welfare Department
115📚🌱 Environmental Science & Climate ChangeEnvironmental Terminology & Definitions
Match environmental concepts with their definitions:
a. Renewable Energy — 5. Energy derived from naturally replenished sources (sunlight, wind, water)
b. Carbon Footprint — 2. Total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly or indirectly by human activities
c. Anthropogenic — 4. Resulting from the influence of human beings on nature
d. Climate Mitigation — 3. Actions taken to reduce or prevent GHG emissions
e. Greenhouse Effect — 1. Earth's atmosphere trapping solar radiation, increasing surface temperature
Explanation
Environmental definitions: Renewable energy is replenished naturally (a-5); Carbon footprint measures GHG emission total (b-2); Anthropogenic means human-caused (c-4); Mitigation means emissions reduction (d-3); Greenhouse effect warms the planet (e-1)     \implies a-5, b-2, c-4, d-3, e-1.
ماحولیاتی اصطلاحات کے درست جوڑے a-5, b-2, c-4, d-3, e-1 ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Social Welfare Department
116📚📖 General EnglishReading Comprehension
In the context of the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
Explanation
The text emphasizes that girls are twice as likely to be out of school in crisis situations and face heightened vulnerabilities.
بحران کے دوران نوجوان لڑکیاں زیادہ تعلیمی اور نفسیاتی خطرات سے دوچار ہوتی ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
117📚🌍 International Days & ThemesWorld Pulses Day 2023 Theme
What was the official theme of 'World Pulses Day' 2023 celebrated on February 10?
Explanation
The United Nations FAO designated 'Pulses for a Sustainable Future' as the theme for World Pulses Day 2023 to highlight the role of pulses in soil biodiversity and food security.
ورلڈ پلسز ڈے 2023 کا تھیم 'Pulses for a Sustainable Future' تھا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
118📚📜 Kashmiri Literature & CultureHabba Khatoon (Nightingale of Kashmir)
Which celebrated 16th-century poetess and queen of Sultan Yousuf Shah Chak is known as the 'Nightingale of Kashmir' (Zoon)?
Explanation
Habba Khatoon (born Zoon in Chandhara, Pampore) introduced the romantic 'Lol' lyric genre to Kashmiri poetry and is affectionately called the 'Nightingale of Kashmir'.
کشمیر کی بلبل (Nightingale of Kashmir) کے لقب سے حبہ خاتون (Habba Khatoon) مشہور ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
119📚🌾 Agriculture & Festivals of J&KPampore Saffron Festival
In which month is the vibrant Saffron Festival (Jashn-e-Zafran) celebrated in Pampore, Jammu & Kashmir?
Explanation
The Saffron Festival is celebrated in November during the peak autumn purple blossom harvest season across the Karewas of Pampore.
پامپور میں زعفران فیسٹیول فصل کٹائی کے دوران نومبر (November) میں منایا جاتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
120📚🌍 Climate Change & UNFCCCUNFCCC COP Summits
What does the abbreviation 'COP28' stand for in the context of UN climate change summits?
Explanation
COP28 stands for the 28th annual Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), held in Dubai in 2023.
COP28 کا مخفف 'Conference of the Parties 28' (اقوام متحدہ موسمیاتی کانفرنس) ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
121📚⚖️ Indian Polity & National SymbolsNational Flag of India
In the National Flag of India (Tiranga), which color band is positioned at the bottom?
Explanation
The Indian National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of India Saffron at the top, White in the middle (with the navy blue 24-spoke Ashoka Chakra), and India Green (Dark Green) at the bottom.
ترنگے کے سب سے نچلے حصے میں گہرا سبز (Dark Green) رنگ ہوتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
122📚🌱 Indian AgricultureCropping Patterns: Food Crops vs Cash Crops
Which of the following agricultural crops is categorized as a commercial Cash Crop?
Explanation
Sugarcane is a premier commercial cash crop grown specifically for agro-industrial processing into sugar and ethanol.
گنا (Sugarcane) ایک اہم نقد آور فصل (Cash crop) ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
123📚🌾 Agriculture & Geomorphology of J&KKashmir Saffron & Karewa Formations
The lacustrine plateau uplands of Pampore (locally called 'Wudar' or Karewas) in Kashmir are world-famous for the commercial cultivation of which precious spice?
Explanation
Pampore's Karewa formations (Wudar) provide ideal calcium-rich lacustrine soil and sub-temperate climate for Kashmir Saffron (Crocus sativus), which holds a GI tag.
پامپور کے ودر (Karewas) زعفران (Saffron) کی کاشت کے لیے دنیا بھر میں مشہور ہیں۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
124📚🎭 Culture & Festivals of J&KKashmiri Festivals: Herath
In the Kashmir Valley, the major religious festival of 'Maha Shivaratri' is traditionally celebrated by Kashmiri Pandits under what indigenous name?
Explanation
Kashmiri Pandits celebrate Shivaratri over a fortnight as 'Herath' (derived from the Sanskrit Hararatri — Night of Hara/Shiva), involving traditional vatuk puja with walnuts.
کشمیر میں مہاشیو راتری کو مقامی طور پر 'ہیراتھ' (Herath) کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
125📚🗺️ ClimatologyKöppen Climate Classification
Which world-famous climatologist was inspired by Albrecht Penck's geomorphological ideas to create the empirical Köppen Climate Classification system?
Explanation
Russian-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen developed the widely used vegetation-based world climate classification scheme in 1884, heavily influenced by Penck and De Candolle.
دنیا کا معروف موسمیاتی نظام ولادیمیر کوپن (Wladimir Köppen) نے تیار کیا۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
126📚🌱 Agricultural Revolutions in IndiaGolden Revolution: Horticulture and Honey
The 'Golden Revolution' in Indian agriculture is associated with the exponential development of:
Explanation
The Golden Revolution (1991–2003, spearheaded by Nirpakh Tutej) focused on boosting production of Honey, Fruits, and overall Horticulture in India.
گولڈن ریولوشن (Golden Revolution) کا تعلق باغبانی، پھلوں اور شہد کی پیداوار سے ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
127📚🗺️ Climate of India & J&KKöppen Climate Zones in the Himalayas
According to Köppen's classification of Indian climate, the higher mountainous regions of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand fall under which climatic zone?
Explanation
Under Köppen's climatic map of India, the high Himalayan parts of J&K, HP, and Uttarakhand are categorized under the Cold Humid with sharp winter type (Dfc) and Alpine/Tundra (ET).
کوپن کے مطابق ہمالیائی خطہ سرد مرطوب زمرے (Cold Humid / Dfc) میں آتا ہے۔
2024🏛️ JKSSB🏛️ Animal / Sheep Husbandry Department
128📚Knowledge of Computers & IT ApplicationsSupercomputers & IT Infrastructure
Which ministry/department is responsible for the functioning of 'Pratyush', India's high-performance computing (HPC) system?
Explanation
Pratyush is a 4.0 Petaflops High Performance Computing (HPC) system established at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, operating under the Ministry of Earth Sciences for high-resolution weather and climate modeling.
'प्रत्युष' भारत का उच्च-प्रदर्शन कंप्यूटिंग सुपरकंप्यूटर है, जो पृथ्वी विज्ञान मंत्रालय (Ministry of Earth Sciences) के अधीन पुणे में मौसम पूर्वानुमान के लिए कार्यरत है।
2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments
129📚General English & ComprehensionArticles & Determiners
Fill in the blank with the correct article. If no article is required, select no article.
_____ European country announced _____ new policy to combat climate change.
Explanation
'European' begins with a consonant 'y' sound (/jʊərəˈpiːən/), so it takes 'A'. 'New policy' takes indefinite article 'a': 'A European country announced a new policy...'.
'European' की शुरुआत 'य' व्यंजन ध्वनि से होती है, इसलिए इसके पूर्व 'A' आएगा और 'new policy' के पूर्व भी 'a' आएगा।
2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments
130📚Geography of India & Physical GeographySoils of India & Agriculture
Which of the following statements about Laterite Soil is NOT correct?
Explanation
Statement C is incorrect: Laterite soil develops in regions with high temperature and heavy seasonal rainfall with alternating wet and dry periods, causing intense leaching (not low rainfall).
कथन C गलत है क्योंकि लैटेराइट मिट्टी का निर्माण उच्च तापमान और भारी वर्षा (तीव्र निक्षालन/leaching) वाले क्षेत्रों में होता है, न कि कम वर्षा वाले क्षेत्रों में।
2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments
131📚General Knowledge with Special Reference to J&K UTClimate & Weather of Jammu and Kashmir
What is the predominant climate of the southern Jammu region?
Explanation
The southern plains and outer hills (Kandi/Shivalik belt) of Jammu Division experience a humid Subtropical Climate characterized by scorching hot summers (up to 45°C), monsoon rains, and mild winters.
जम्मू संभाग के दक्षिणी मैदानी और शिवालिक क्षेत्र की मुख्य जलवायु 'उपोष्णकटिबंधीय जलवायु' (Subtropical Climate) है।
2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments
132📚General Knowledge with Special Reference to J&K UTFolk Dances and Cultural Rituals of J&K
Which dance is performed to honor the gods, 'Lok Devtas,' as a thanksgiving ritual?
Explanation
Kud Dance is a traditional folk ritual dance of the middle and high hills of Jammu (Udhampur, Reasi, Doda, Kathua), performed at night around a bonfire to express gratitude to the local deities (Lok Devtas / Gram Devtas) for protecting crops, cattle, and families.
कुद नृत्य (Kud Dance) जम्मू संभाग के पहाड़ी क्षेत्रों में स्थानीय लोक देवताओं (Lok Devtas) के प्रति कृतज्ञता और आभार प्रकट करने के लिए किया जाने वाला पारंपरिक अनुष्ठानिक नृत्य है।
2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments
133📚General English & ComprehensionReading Comprehension
What is one of the primary reasons for the increasing vulnerability of networks in today's digital landscape?
Explanation
According to the passage, 'The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has expanded the attack surface by making networks more susceptible to unauthorized access.'
गद्यांश के अनुसार IoT उपकरणों के प्रसार ने नेटवर्क को अनधिकृत पहुंच के प्रति अधिक संवेदनशील बना दिया है।
2025JKSSBPower Development & Technical Education Department
134📚General English & ComprehensionTenses
The form of tense used in the below sentence is:
By the time the conference starts, the researchers will have been studying the effects of climate change on biodiversity for the next five years.
Explanation
The construction 'will have been studying' represents the Future Perfect Continuous Tense (will + have + been + present participle), describing an ongoing action extending up to a future point.
'will have been studying' संरचना 'Future Perfect Continuous Tense' को दर्शाती है।
2025JKSSBPower Development & Technical Education Department
135📚Electrical Safety, Earthing & InstallationEarth Resistance Measurement
When measuring the resistance of an earthing system, which of the following factors is/are most important for ensuring accurate readings?
1. Length/Depth of the earthing electrode
2. Distance between measurement points
3. Type of soil surrounding the electrode

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Explanation
Accurate earth resistance testing (Fall-of-Potential method) depends critically on electrode insertion depth (1), proper auxiliary electrode spacing distances (2), and surrounding soil resistivity/composition (3) (All of the above).
अर्थिंग प्रतिरोध के सटीक मापन के लिए इलेक्ट्रोड की गहराई (1), परीक्षण बिंदुओं के बीच की दूरी (2), और मिट्टी की प्रकृति (3) सभी आवश्यक हैं (उपरोक्त सभी)।
2025JKSSBPower Development & Technical Education Department
136📚Electromagnetic Induction & AC CircuitsFleming's Left and Right Hand Rules
Consider the following statements about Fleming's rules:
1. Fleming's Left-Hand Rule is used to determine the direction of force in an electric motor when a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field.
2. Fleming's Right Hand Rule is used to identify the direction of induced current when a conductor moves within a magnetic field which is essential for understanding generator functions.
3. Both of Fleming's rules have practical applications in various electromagnetic devices such as relays, loudspeakers, microphones, galvanometers, and maglev systems.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Explanation
All three statements are correct: Fleming's Left-Hand Rule applies to Motors (FBI: Force, B-field, Current), Fleming's Right-Hand Rule applies to Generators (Induced Current), and both have broad electromagnetic applications.
तीनों कथन सही हैं: फ्लेमिंग का बायां हाथ नियम मोटर के लिए (1), दायां हाथ नियम जनरेटर के लिए (2), और दोनों के व्यापक अनुप्रयोग हैं (3)।
2025JKSSBPower Development & Technical Education Department
137📚Electrical Safety, Earthing & InstallationEarth Testers & Wenner 4-Pin Method
Which type of earth tester is most suitable for measuring earth resistance in highly resistive soils?
Explanation
The Four-Electrode Earth Tester (utilizing the Wenner four-pin method) eliminates lead resistance and contact resistance, providing the most accurate soil resistivity and ground resistance measurements in highly resistive, rocky, or dry soils.
चार-इलेक्ट्रोड अर्थ टेस्टर (Wenner विधि) अत्यधिक प्रतिरोधी मिट्टी में सटीक मापन के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त है।
2025JKSSBPower Development & Technical Education Department
138📚Database Management Systems (DBMS) & SQLACID Properties of Transactions
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of transactions in DBMS?
Explanation
Transaction properties are governed by ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability). 'Divisibility' contradicts the fundamental principle of Atomicity (all-or-nothing execution).
ट्रांजेक्शन की मुख्य विशेषताएं ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) हैं। Divisibility इसकी विशेषता नहीं है।
2025JKSSBInformation Technology Department
139📚Object Oriented Programming (C++, Java, C#)Java & .NET Interoperability
Which of the following statements about Java interop with .NET are true?
1. Java code can be integrated with .NET using the IKVM.NET library
2. Java code must be converted into MSIL for execution in .NET.
3. The JNI (Java Native Interface) can be used for interop with .NET libraries
4. Java classes must always be written in .NET-specific IDEs for compatibility

Choose the correct options:
Explanation
Statements 1, 2, and 3 are true. Java interop with .NET is supported via IKVM.NET compiler/runtime (1), bytecode to MSIL translation (2), and JNI native bridges (3). Statement 4 is false. Thus, 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
कथन 1, 2 और 3 सत्य हैं: IKVM.NET का उपयोग (1), बाइटकोड का MSIL में रूपांतरण (2), और JNI का उपयोग (3)।
2025JKSSBInformation Technology Department
140📚Radiation Safety & Regulatory NormsEnvironmental Radon Hazard
Radon represents an environmental hazard primarily in:
Explanation
Radon-222 gas (a decay daughter of Uranium/Radium in soil and rock bedrock) is dense and seeps through foundation cracks, concentrating to hazardous levels primarily in basements and unventilated ground-floor rooms.
रेडॉन गैस मिट्टी और चट्टानों से रिसकर मुख्य रूप से 'बेसमेंट और भूतल के कमरों' (Basement and ground floor) में एकत्रित होकर स्वास्थ्य जोखिम पैदा करती है।
2025JKSSBHealth & Medical Education Department